a, \(3x=5y=7z\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{5}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{7}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{5}}=\frac{3z}{\frac{3}{7}}\)
Áp dụng t/c

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{y}{\frac{1}{5}}=\frac{3z}{\frac{3}{7}}=\frac{2x-y+3z}{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{7}}=\frac{188}{\frac{105}{94}}=210\)

\(\frac{x}{\frac{1}{3}}=210\Rightarrow x=70\)

\(\frac{y}{\frac{1}{5}}=210\Rightarrow y=42\)

\(\frac{z}{\frac{1}{7}}=210\Rightarrow z=30\)

1) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{15}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{15}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{8-12+15}=\dfrac{10}{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{10}{11}\\\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{10}{11}\\\dfrac{z}{15}=\dfrac{10}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{80}{11}\\y=\dfrac{120}{11}\\z=\dfrac{150}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{2x}{30}=\dfrac{3y}{60}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z}{30+60-28}=\dfrac{136}{62}=\dfrac{68}{31}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{68}{31}\\\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{68}{31}\\\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{68}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1020}{31}\\y=\dfrac{1360}{31}\\z=\dfrac{1904}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=\dfrac{7z+21}{49}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=\dfrac{7z+21}{49}=\dfrac{3x+5y-7z-9-25-21}{15+5-49}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\\\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\\\dfrac{7z+21}{49}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{138}{29}\\y=\dfrac{100}{29}\\z=-\dfrac{402}{29}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a)Ta có: \(2x=3y;5y=7z\)và \(x-y-z=-27\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2};\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{5}\)và\(x-y-z=-27\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{10}\)và \(x-y-z=-27\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có:

\(\frac{x}{21}=\frac{y}{14}=\frac{z}{10}=\frac{x-y-z}{21-14-10}=\frac{-27}{-3}=9\)

Ta có:\(\frac{x}{21}=9\Rightarrow x=9.21=189\)

          \(\frac{y}{14}=9\Rightarrow y=9.14=126\)

         \(\frac{z}{10}=9\Rightarrow z=9.10=90\)

Vậy:\(x=189;y=126\)và\(z=90\)

b) \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{6}\)và\(x^2-2y^2+z^2=18\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{16}=\frac{2y^2}{50}=\frac{z^2}{36}\)và\(x^2-2y^2+z^2=18\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{x^2}{16}=\frac{2y^2}{50}=\frac{z^2}{36}=\frac{x^2-2y^2+z^2}{16-50+36}=\frac{18}{2}=9\)

Ta có:\(\frac{x^2}{16}=9\Rightarrow x^2=144\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=12\\x=-12\end{cases}}\)

\(\frac{2y^2}{50}=9\Rightarrow2y^2=450\Rightarrow y^2=225\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=15\\y=-15\end{cases}}\)

\(\frac{z^2}{36}=9\Rightarrow z^2=324\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}z=18\\z=-18\end{cases}}\)

Vậy: \(x=12;y=15;z=18\)hoặc \(x=-12;y=-15;z=-18\)

c) \(x:y:z=3:8:5\)và\(3x+y-2z=14\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{5}\)và\(3x+y-2z=14\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}\)và \(3x+y-2z=14\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có:

\(\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}=\frac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\frac{14}{7}=2\)

Ta có: \(\frac{3x}{9}=2\Rightarrow3x=18\Rightarrow x=6\)

\(\frac{y}{8}=2\Rightarrow y=16\)

\(\frac{2z}{10}=2\Rightarrow2z=20\Rightarrow z=10\)

Vậy:\(x=6;y=16;z=10\)

a) thiếu đề bài 

\(1.=5xy\left(x-2y\right)\)

\(2.=\left(5-y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

\(3.=y\left(x-z\right)-7\left(x-z\right)=\left(y-7\right)\left(x-z\right)\)

\(5.=2x\left(3y-7z\right)-6y\left(3y-7z\right)=\left(2x-6y\right)\left(3y-7x\right)\)

\(4.=27x^2\left(y-1\right)+9x^3\left(y-1\right)=9x^2\left(3+x\right)\left(y-1\right)\)