a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)

\(=x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{4}-\dfrac{y^2}{4}+y^2+1\)

\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)

mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\forall x;y\\\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0,\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0,\forall x;y\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

b) \(...=x^2-2x+1+4\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+z^2-6z+9+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y^{ }+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0,\forall x.y\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

b.

$x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+15=(x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+8y+4)+(z^2-6z+9)+1$

$=(x-1)^2+(2y+2)^2+(z-3)^2+1\geq 0+0+0+1>0$ với mọi $x,y,z$

Ta có đpcm.

x y + ( 1 + x 2 ) ( 1 + y 2 ) = 1 ⇔ ( 1 + x ) 2 ( 1 + y ) 2 = 1 − x y ⇒ ( 1 + x 2 ) ( 1 + y 2 ) = 1 - x y 2 ⇔ 1 + x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y 2 = 1 − 2 x y + x 2 y 2 ⇔ x 2 + y 2 + 2 x y = 0 ⇔ x + y 2 = 0 ⇔ y = − x ⇒ x 1 + y 2 + y 1 + x 2 = x 1 + x 2 − x 1 + x 2 = 0

Bạn ơi, bạn ghi lại đề đi bạn. Khó hiểu quá!

Đề là \(x+y-\sqrt{xy}=3\) với \(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y-1}=4\) pk bạn?

Điều kiện: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy>0\\x,y\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-\sqrt{xy}=3\\\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-\sqrt{xy}=3\\x+2+2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-\sqrt{xy}=3\\x+2+2\sqrt{xy+x+y+1}=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=x+y\\P=xy\end{matrix}\right.\) ( ĐK: \(S^2\ge4P\) ), khi đó hệ phương trình trở thành:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S-\sqrt{P}=3\\S+2+2\sqrt{S+P+1}=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P=\left(S-3\right)^2\left(S\ge3\right)\\2\sqrt{S+\left(S-3\right)^2+1}=14-S\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\le S\le14\\P=\left(3-S\right)^2\\4\left(S^2-5S+10\right)=196-28S+S^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\le S\le14\\P=\left(3-S\right)^2\\3S^2+8S-156=0\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=6\\P=9\end{matrix}\right.\) hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=6\\xy=9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=6\\x^2-x+9=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)

Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;3\right)\)

\(\sqrt{xy}\)vẫn xác định khi \(x< 0;y< 0\)(khi đó \(xy>0\)), nhưng  đừng bao giờ viết \(\sqrt{xy}=\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}\)

có xác định 

Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)

khi đó:

\(P\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)

Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)

=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1

Vậy max P = 3 tại a = b = c =1.

Không thích làm cách này đâu nhưng đường cùng rồi nên thua-_-

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{y+z}=b;\sqrt{z+x}=c\) suy ra

\(x=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2};y=\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2};z=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\). Ta cần chứng minh:

\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)

Đây là bất đẳng thức Schur bậc 3, ta có đpcm.