Ta có công thức tổng quát như sau:

\(A=n^k+n^{k+1}+n^{k+2}+...+n^{k+x}\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{n^{k+x+1}-n^k}{n-1}\)

Áp dụng ta có:

\(A=1+4+4^2+...+4^6=\dfrac{4^7-1}{3}\) 

\(\Rightarrow B-3A=4^7-3\cdot\dfrac{4^7-1}{3}=1\)

______

\(A=2^0+2^1+...+2^{2008}=2^{2009}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow B-A=2^{2009}-2^{2009}+1=1\)

_____

\(A=1+3+3^2+....+3^{2006}=\dfrac{3^{2007}-1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B-2A=3^{2007}-2\cdot\dfrac{3^{2007}-1}{2}=1\)

Lời giải :

1. \(\left(\frac{1}{2}a+b\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{2}a-b\right)^3\)

\(=\frac{a^3}{8}+\frac{3a^2b}{4}+\frac{3ab^2}{2}+b^3+\frac{a^3}{8}-\frac{3a^2b}{4}+\frac{3ab^2}{2}-b^3\)

\(=\frac{a^3}{4}+3ab^2\)

Lời giải :

2. \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

Vậy...

3. \(\left(4x-1\right)^3-\left(4x-3\right)\left(16x^2+3\right)\)

\(=64x^3-48x^2+12x-1-64x^3+48x^2-12x+9\)

\(=8\)

1) \(\left(\frac{1}{2}a+b\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{2}a-b\right)^3\)

\(=\left(\frac{a}{2}+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2\)

\(=\left(\frac{a}{2}+b\right)\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+2.\frac{a}{b}b+b^2\right]+\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2-2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right]\)

\(=\frac{a}{2}\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right]+b\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2+2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right]+\frac{a}{2}\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2-2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right]\)\(-b\left[\left(\frac{a}{2}\right)^2-2.\frac{a}{2}b+b^2\right]\)

\(=\frac{a^3}{8}+\frac{a^2b}{2}+\frac{ab^2}{2}+\frac{ba^2}{4}+b^2a+b^3+\frac{a^3}{8}-\frac{a^2b}{2}+\frac{ab^2}{2}-\frac{ba^2}{4}+b^2a-b^3\)

\(=\frac{a^3}{4}+3ab^2\)

2) \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2.1+3.x.1^2-1^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)

3) \(A=\left(4x-1\right)^3-\left(4x-3\right)\left(16x^2+3\right)\)

\(A=64x^3-32x^2+4x-16x^2+8x-1-64x^3-12x+48x^2+9\)

\(A=8\)

Vậy: biểu thức không phụ thuộc vào biến

1) \(\left(x+5\right)^3-x^3-125\)

\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x^2+2x.5+5^2\right)-x^3-125\)

\(=x\left(x^2+2x.5+5^2\right)+5\left(x^2+2x.5+5^2\right)-x^3-125\)

\(=x^3+10x^2+25x+5x^2+50x+125-x^3-125\)

\(=15x^2+75x\)

2) \(\left(x-2\right)^3+6\left(x+1\right)^2-x^3+12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2+4x-2x^2+8x-8+6x^2+12x+6-x^3+12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow24x+10=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow24x=0-10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow24x=-10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{10}{24}=-\frac{5}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{5}{12}\)

3) \(\left(x-1\right)^3-x^3+3x^2-3x+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-x^3+3x^2-3x+1\)

\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-x^3+3x^2-3x+1\)

\(=x^3-2x^2+x-x^2+2x-1-x^3-3x^2-3x+1\)

\(=0\)

Vậy: biểu thức không phụ thuộc vào biến

2.                                   GIẢI

Ta có : \(\left(-2a^{ }\right)^3\).\(\left(3b^{ }\right)^2\)

Thay a=-1;b=-3 ta được:

\(\left[\left(-2\right).\left(-1\right)\right]^3\).\(\left[3.\left(-3\right)\right]^2\)=\(2^3.\left(-9\right)^2\)=\(8.81\)=\(648\)

1.                                    GIẢI

Ta có : (x-1)(x+2)=0

=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}}\)=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0+1\\x=0-2\end{cases}}\)=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)

Vậy \(x\in\){-2;1}

a) 2( x - 1 )² - 4( 3 + x )² + 2x( x - 5 )

= 2( x² - 2x + 1 ) - 4( 9 + 6x + x² ) + 2x² - 10x

= 2x² - 4x + 2 - 36 - 24x - 4x² + 2x² - 10x

= ( 2x² - 4x² + 2x² ) + ( -4x - 24x - 10x ) + ( 2 - 36 )

= -38x - 34

b) 2( 2x + 5 )² - 3( 4x + 1 )( 1 - 4x )

= 2( 4x² + 20x + 25 ) + 3( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 )

= 8x² + 40x + 50 + 3( 16x² - 1 )

= 8x² + 40x + 50 + 48x² - 3

= 56x² + 40x + 47

c) ( x - 1 )³ - x( x - 3 )² + 1

= x³ - 3x² + 3x - 1 - x( x² - 6x + 9 ) + 1

= x³ - 3x² + 3x - x³ + 6x² - 9x

= 3x² - 6x

d) ( x + 2 )³ - x²( x + 6 ) 

= x³ + 6x² + 12x + 8 - x³ - 6x²

= 12x + 8

e) ( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) - ( x + 1 )³ - 2x( x - 1 )²

= x² - 4 - ( x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1 ) - 2x( x² - 2x + 1 )

= x² - 4 - x³ - 3x² - 3x - 1 - 2x³ + 4x² - 2x

= -3x³ + 2x² - 5x - 5 

f) ( a + b - c )² - ( b - c )² - 2a( b - c )

= [ ( a + b ) - c ]² - ( b² - 2bc + c² ) - 2ab + 2ac

= [ ( a + b )² - 2( a + b )c + c² ] - b² + 2bc - c² - 2ab + 2ac

= a² + 2ab + b² - 2ac - 2bc + c² - b² + 2bc - c² - 2ab + 2ac

= a²

a) \(2\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(3+x\right)^2+2x\left(x-5\right)\)

Dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ nhất + hai :

= \(2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)-4\left(3^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)

= \(2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(9+6x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)

= \(2x^2-4x+2-36-24x-4x^2+2x^2-10x\)

= \(-38x-34\)

b) 2(2x + 5)² - 3(4x + 1)(1 - 4x)

Dùng đẳng thức thứ 1 + 3

= 2[(2x)² + 2.2x.5 + 5² ] - (-3)[(4x)² - 1² ]

= 2(4x² + 20x + 25) - (-3).(16x² - 1)

= 8x² + 40x + 50 - (3 - 48x²)

= 8x² + 40x + 50 - 3 + 48x²

= 56x² + 40x + 47

c) (x - 1)³ - x(x - 3)² + 1

Dùng đẳng thức 2 + 5:

= x³ - 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² - 1³ - x(x² - 2.x.3 + 3²) + 1

= x³ - 3x² + 3x - 1 - x³ + 6x² - 9x + 1

= (x³ - x³) + (-3x² + 6x²) + (3x - 9x) + (-1 + 1)

= 3x² - 6x

d) (x + 2)³ - x²(x + 6)

= x³ + 3.x².2 + 3.x.2² + 2³ - x³ - 6x²

= x³ + 6x² + 12x + 8 - x³ - 6x²

= (x³ - x³) + (6x² - 6x²) + 12x + 8 = 12x + 8

e) Dùng đẳng thức thứ 3,4 và 2

= x² - 4 - (x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³) - 2x(x² - 2.x.1 + 1²)

= x² - 4 - (x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1) - 2x³ + 4x² - 2x

= x² - 4 - x³ - 3x² - 3x - 1 - 2x³ + 4x² - 2x

= (x² - 3x² + 4x²) + (-4 - 1) + (-x³ - 2x³) + (-3x - 2x)

= 2x² - 5 - 3x³ - 5x

f) Đặt \(a+b-c=A\)

\(b-c=B\)

= \(A^2-B^2-2AB\)

= \(A^2-2AB+\left(-B\right)^2\)

\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)

= (A - B)²

= (a + b - c - (b - c))²

= (a + b - c - b + c)²

= a²

Yêu cầu đề là gì