Hình chữ nhật có 2 trục đối xứng

Hình chữ nhật có hai trục đối xứng: là đường thẳng đi qua trung điểm hai cặp cạnh đối diện của hình chữ nhật.

2

Protein là một nhóm chất có vai trò vô cùng quan trọng trong đời sống sinh vật.

Cấu trúc của protein bao gồm cấu trúc hóa học và cấu trúc không gian.

Bạn có thể xem lại cấu trúc của protein trong phần lý thuyết:

/on-tap/sinh-hoc/ly-thuyet.136/protein.html

Chính cấu trúc phù hợp và linh động của protein đã giúp protein thực hiện các chức năng quan trọng của mình.

Có 18 cấu trúc:

S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago (nhận dạng cấu trúc: began/ started to V/ Ving: bắt đầu làm gì) S + last + Ved + time+ ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì This is the first time + S +have/has+P2: Lần đầu làm gì This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ N) S +have/has+P2 S + Be/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá....để cho ai làm gì... S + Be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá... đến nỗi mà... It + Be/V + such + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V +O: Quá... đến nỗi mà... S + Be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì... It’s adj (for Sb) to do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào? S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V Although/ Though/ Even though + clause (S+V) S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V (chỉ mục đích) There’s no point in Ving: không đáng, không có ích khi làm gì?

Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu gián tiếp

- Đề nghị: Suggest

Shall we+ V..../Let's+ V.../How/What about+ Ving..../Why dont we + V ..

=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đề nghị cùng làm gì.

Ví dụ: "Why don’t we go out for a walk?” said the boy.

=> The boy suggested going out for a walk

- Gợi ý cho người khác: “Why don’t you+ Vo?

=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V

Ví dụ: “Why don’t you have a rest?” he said to her

=> He suggested that she should have a rest.

- Cáo buộc : S accused Sb of doing sth

“You stole the money on the table”, she said to him

=> She accused him of stealing the money on the table.

- Thừa nhận hoặc phủ nhận

S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2.

He said “Yes, I did”

=> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table

He said: “ No, I didn’t”

=> He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table

- Lời khuyên (should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you.../ Why don’t you)

S + advised sb + (not) to V

“If I were you, I would save some money” she said

=> She advised me to save some money.

“You shouldn’t believe him” Jane said to Peter.

=> Jane advised Peter not to believe him.

- Câu mời (Would you like......?)

S+ offered Sb Sth S+ offered to do Sth S + invited sb+ to V

Would you like a cup of coffee, Peter?” I said.

=> I offered Peter a cup of coffee.

“Would you like me to clean the house for you” he said.

=> He offered to clean the house for me.

“Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?” he said.

=> He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night.

- Dặn dò: S + remember + to do Sth

=> S + don’t forget + to do Sth

=> S remind Sb to do Sth

He told me: “Don’t forget to come here on time tomorrow”.

=> He reminded me to come there on time the next day.

She said to all of us: “Remember to submit the report by this Thursday”

=> She reminded all of us to submit the report by that Thursday.

- Cảm ơn: Thank Sb for Ving/ N

“Thank you for helping me finish this project “ he said to us.

=> He thanked us for helping him finish that project.

“ Thank you for this lovely present.” I said to him.

=> I thanked him for that lovely present.

- Xin lỗi: S apologized to sb for Ving

“Sorry, I broke your vase” he said to his mother.

=> He apologized to his mother for breaking her vase

- Khen ngợi: S congratulated Sb on Ving

“Congratulations! You won the first prize” he said to me.

=> He congratulated me on winning the first prize.

- Đe dọa: S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V : đe doạ (ai) làm gì

He said " I will kill you if you don’t do that "-

=> He threatened to kill me if I didn’t do that

15.

Chú ý đến các dạng cấu trúc trong câu điều kiện

- Unless = If not.

If you don’t have a visa, you can not come to America

=> Unless you have a visa, you can not come to America

- Đảo ngữ trong điều kiện loại 1: Should+ S+ V

+ Loại 2: Were S+ Adj/N / to V

+ Loại 3: Had+ S+ (not) P2

Đề thi minh họa 2015:

You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty.

Should there be any difficulty, ring this number

16.

Các cấu trúc liên quan đến so sánh: Cấu trúc tăng tiến cấp độ: The 8-year-old bride movie is more and more interesting. Cấu trúc càng… càng: The older he is, the less he wants to travel. 17. Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu bị động trong tiếng anh

- Have Sb do sth => have Sth done

Ví dụ: We get him to look after our house when we are on business.

=> We get our house looked after (by him) when we are on business

- Make Sb do sth-> Sb be made to do Sth

The teacher made the students work hard.

=> The students were made to work hard.

- People say S+ V

=> It be said that S+ V

=> S be said to V/ to have P2

Ví dụ: People say that he drinks a lot of wine.

=> It is said that he drinks a lot of wine.

18.

Các cấu trúc liên quan đến câu đảo ngữ.

- Never will I speak to him again.

- No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.

- Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.

- Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.

- Not until I asked a passer-by did I know where I was = It was not until I asked a passer-by that I knew where I was.

- Around the corner is the hospital.

Sự chuyển đổi từ cấu trúc ngang bằng - so sánh hơn - so sánh hơn nhất:

Ví dụ: Sally is the tallest girl in her class

=> No one in Sally’s class is as tall as her.

=> No one in Sally’s class is taller than her.