\(Q=\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-2018\right|+\left|x-2019\right|\)

       \(\ge\left|x-2018\right|+\left|x-2017+2019-x\right|\)

        \(\ge\left|x-2018\right|+2\ge2\)

Dấu "=" <=> x = 2018

\(Q=\left|x-2017\right|+\left|x-2018\right|+\left|2019-x\right|\)

\(\ge x-2017+0+2019-x=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}2017\le x\le2019\\x=2018\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=2108\) (thỏa mãn cả hai trường hợp)

Vậy...

P/s: Ở đây mình gộp hai trường hợp \(x-2017\ge0;2019-x\ge0\) thành \(2017\le x\le2019\) cho lẹ nha!

M = | x - 2019 | + | x - 2018 | - 2017

M = | x - 2019 | + | x - 2018 | - 2017 \(\ge\)- 2017

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x - 2019 = 0 hoặc x - 2018 = 0

\(\Rightarrow\)x = 2019 hoặc x = 2018

Min M = - 2017 \(\Leftrightarrow\)x = 2019 hoặc x = 2018

*) Ta chứng minh bổ đề: \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\right)^2\ge\left(\left|a+b\right|\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2\left|ab\right|\ge a^2+b^2+2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left|ab\right|\ge2ab\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|ab\right|\ge ab\) ( luôn đúng ) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(ab\ge0\)

Theo bài cho: M = |x-2019| + |x-2018| - 2017

=> M = |x - 2019| + |2018 - x| - 2017

Áp dụng bổ đề trên => | x - 2019 | + | 2018 - x| \(\ge\) | x - 2019 + 2018 - x |

=> | x - 2019 | + | 2018 - x | \(\ge\)1

=> | x - 2019 | + | 2018 - x | - 2017 \(\ge\)1 - 2017

=> M \(\ge\)-2016

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi ( x - 2019 ).( 2018 - x)\(\ge\)0

Ta xét 2 trường hợp:

+) Nếu \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2019\ge0\\2018-x\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge2019\\x\le2018\end{cases}}\)( loại )

+) Nếu \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2019\le0\\2018-x\le0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le2019\\x\ge2018\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow2018\le x\le2019\)( thỏa mãn )

Vạy: GTNN của M = -2016 khi \(2018\le x\le2019\)

\(A=\left|x-2018\right|+\left|x-2019\right|\)

\(=\left|\left(x-2018\right)+\left(2019-x\right)\right|\)

\(=\left|1\right|=1\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2018\right)\left(2019-x\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2018\le x\le2019\)

\(Q=\left|x-2018\right|+\left|x+2019\right|\)

\(Q=\left|2018-x\right|+\left|x+2019\right|\)

\(Q\ge\left|2018-x+x+2019\right|=\left|4037\right|=4037\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2018-x\ge0\\x+2019\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le2018\\x\ge-2019\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow-2019\le}x\le2018}\)