ta xét : \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2+\frac{a^2}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab+\frac{a^2b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2-2.\left(a+b\right).\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{a^2b^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(a+b-\frac{ab}{a+b}\right)^2}=\left|a+b-\frac{ab}{a+b}\right|\)

áp dụng vào bài toán :

\(A=\left|1+2018-\frac{2018}{2019}\right|+\frac{2018}{2019}=2019\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\sqrt{k+1}}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}-k\sqrt{k+1}}{k\left(k+1\right)^2-k^2\left(k+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{k^3+2k^2+k-k^3-k^2}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{k\left(k+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)

Lần lượt thay k=1;2;...;2018 ta được:

\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

...

\(\frac{1}{2019\sqrt{2018}+2018\sqrt{2019}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)

Cộng vế theo vế ta được:

\(C=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}=...\)

Với mọi \(n\inℕ^∗\) ta có:

 \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n-1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\)

Áp dụng đẳng thức trên ta có:

\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)

   \(t\text{ổng}qu\text{át}:\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n-1}+\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{n^2\left(n-1\right)-\left(n-1\right)^2n}\)

\(=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)

Thay vào A có

\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)