Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM cho các bộ bốn số không âm, ta được: \(LHS=\frac{2x^2+y^2+z^2}{4-yz}+\frac{2y^2+z^2+x^2}{4-zx}+\frac{2z^2+x^2+y^2}{4-xy}\)\(=\frac{x^2+x^2+y^2+z^2}{4-yz}+\frac{y^2+y^2+z^2+x^2}{4-zx}+\frac{z^2+z^2+x^2+y^2}{4-xy}\)\(\ge\frac{4x\sqrt{yz}}{4-yz}+\frac{4y\sqrt{zx}}{4-zx}+\frac{4z\sqrt{xy}}{4-xy}\)

Như vậy, ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{4x\sqrt{yz}}{4-yz}+\frac{4y\sqrt{zx}}{4-zx}+\frac{4z\sqrt{xy}}{4-xy}\ge4xyz\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{yz\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{zx}}{zx\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{xy\left(4-xy\right)}\ge1\)

Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz, ta có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\le3\)

Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{xy};\sqrt{yz};\sqrt{zx}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\). Khi đó \(\hept{\begin{cases}a,b,c>0\\a+b+c\le3\end{cases}}\)

và ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{a}{a^2\left(4-a^2\right)}+\frac{b}{b^2\left(4-b^2\right)}+\frac{c}{c^2\left(4-c^2\right)}\ge1\)

Xét BĐT phụ:  \(\frac{x}{x^2\left(4-x^2\right)}\ge-\frac{1}{9}x+\frac{4}{9}\left(0< x\le1\right)\)(*)

Ta có: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2-2x-9\right)}{9x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\ge0\)(Đúng với mọi \(x\in(0;1]\))

Áp dụng, ta được: \(\frac{a}{a^2\left(4-a^2\right)}+\frac{b}{b^2\left(4-b^2\right)}+\frac{c}{c^2\left(4-c^2\right)}\ge-\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{4}{9}.3\)

\(\ge-\frac{1}{9}.3+\frac{4}{3}=1\)

Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1

1. Chứng minh với mọi số thực a, b, c ta có 2a²+b²+c²\(\ge\)2a(b+c)

Chứng minh:

Ta có 2a²+b²+c²=(a²+b²)+(a²+c²)

Áp dụng bđt cauchy ta có

(a²+b²)+(a²+c²)\(\ge\)2ab+2ac=2a(b+c)

Đặt vế trái của bất đẳng thức là \(K\)

Với x, y, z > 0, ta có: \(yz\le\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{4}< \frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow4-yz>0\)

Tương tự ta cũng có \(4-zx>0,4-xy>0\)

Ta viết lại bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh thành \(\frac{x^2+y^2+x^2+z^2}{xyz\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{x^2+y^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{z^2+y^2+x^2+z^2}{xyz\left(4-xy\right)}\ge4\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có \(K\ge\frac{2xy+2xz}{xyz\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{2xy+2yz}{xyz\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{2xz+2yz}{xyz\left(4-xy\right)}\)\(=2\left[\frac{y+z}{yz\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{z+x}{zx\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{x+y}{xy\left(4-xy\right)}\right]\)\(=2\left[\frac{1}{z\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{1}{x\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(4-xy\right)}\right]+\)      \(2\left[\frac{1}{y\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{1}{x\left(4-xy\right)}\right]\) 

Lại áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho các bộ ba số dương, ta có\(\frac{1}{z\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{1}{x\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(4-xy\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)}}\)

\(\frac{1}{y\left(4-yz\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(4-zx\right)}+\frac{1}{x\left(4-xy\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)}}\)

Do đó \(K\ge\frac{12}{\sqrt[3]{xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)}}=\frac{12\sqrt[3]{3}}{\sqrt[3]{3xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)}}\)

Mặt khác ta lại có: \(3xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)\le\left(\frac{3xyz+12-xy-yz-zx}{4}\right)^4\)

Ta có bất đẳng thức quen thuộc \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}=3\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow3xyz-xy-yz-zx\le0\)

Suy ra \(3xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)\le3^4=81\) \(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{3xyz\left(4-yz\right)\left(4-zx\right)\left(4-xy\right)}\le3\sqrt[3]{3}\)

Do đó \(K\ge\frac{12\sqrt[3]{3}}{3\sqrt[3]{3}}=4\)

Như vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1

KON 'NICHIWA ON" NANOKO: chào cô

vì x+y+z=1nên

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\)\(\frac{x+y+z}{x}+\frac{x+y+z}{y}+\frac{x+y+z}{z}\)\(=3+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)\)=\(3+\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{yz}+\frac{x^2+z^2}{xz}\)

nen \(\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\) =\(\left(\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2}{4xy}\right)+\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{4yz}\right)+\left(\frac{xz}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{x^2+z^2}{xz}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\ge2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2.1}{2}+\frac{2.1}{2}+\frac{3}{4}=\frac{15}{4}\)(dpcm)

dau = xay ra khi x=y=z=1/3

@Ace Legona help me

@Akai Haruma

Ta có : 2P = \(\frac{\sqrt{4x^2-4xy+4y^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{4y^2-4yz+4z^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{4z^2-4zx+4x^2}}{z+x+2y}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}y\right)^2}}{x+y+2z}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(2y-z\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}z\right)^2}}{y+z+2x}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(2z-x\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2}}{z+x+2y}\)

Lại có  \(\frac{\sqrt{\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}y\right)^2\right]\left[\left(1^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right)\right]}}{x+y+2z}\ge\frac{\left[\left(2x-y\right).1+3y\right]}{x+y+2z}=\frac{2\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}\)

=> \(\sqrt{\frac{\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}y\right)^2}{x+y+2z}}\ge\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}\)(BĐT Bunyakovsky) 

Tương tự ta đươc \(2P\ge\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\frac{y+z}{2x+y+z}+\frac{z+x}{2y+z+x}\)

Đặt x + y = a ; y + z = b ; x + z = c

Khi đó \(2P\ge\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)-3\)

\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right).\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}-3\ge\frac{9}{2}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)

=> \(P\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z 

bài 8 : bỏ dấu hoặc  rồi tính 

a;( 17 - 299) + ( 17 - 25 + 299)

bằng 20 ấn mtinh ra thế

Thấy cái đề mà thấy khiếp ...

Ta có : \(x^2-xy+y^2=\frac{3}{4}\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)

                                       \(=\frac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}\ge\frac{x+y}{2}\)

Tương tự \(\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}\ge\frac{y+z}{2}\)

                \(\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}\ge\frac{x+z}{2}\)

Do đó : \(2S\ge\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\frac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\frac{x+z}{x+z+2y}\)

\(\Rightarrow2S+3\ge\left(1+\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}\right)+\left(1+\frac{y+z}{y+z+2x}\right)+\left(1+\frac{x+z}{x+z+2y}\right)\)

                       \(=2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}+\frac{1}{y+z+2x}+\frac{1}{x+z+2y}\right)\)

                                                         \(\ge2\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(=\frac{9}{2}\)

                                                          (Áp dụng bđt Cô-si dạng engel cho 3 số)

\(\Rightarrow2S+3\ge\frac{9}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)

Vậy ..............

ta có \(\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)

tương tự ta có các trường hợp còn lại và ta có 

\(S\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\frac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\frac{z+x}{z+x+2y}\right)\)

đặt \(x+y=a;y+z=b;z+x=c\)

=> \(S\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)

đặt \(A=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^2}{ab+bc}+\frac{c^2}{ca+ca}\)

Áp dụng bđt svác sơ ta có 

\(A\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

mạt khác Áp dụng bđt cô si ta có 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\c^2+a^2\ge2ac\end{cases}}\)

=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

=> \(A\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)

=> \(S\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

dấu = xảy ra <=> x=y=z>o

ta có \(\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}x^2+\frac{1}{2}xy+\frac{1}{4y^2}+\frac{3}{4}x^2-\frac{3}{2}xy+\frac{3}{4}y^2}\)

       \(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

Ta có

          \(\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\left(y+x\right)\)

Tương tự ta có các TH còn lại

Ta có

      \(S\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}+\frac{y+z}{y+z+2x}+\frac{z+x}{z+x+2y}\right)\)

Đặt x + y = a ; y + z = b ; z + x = c

    \(S\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)

   Đặt \(A=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^2}{ab+bc}+\frac{c^2}{ca+cb}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Svac sơ ta có

\(A\ge\left(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\right)\)

Mặt khác ADBĐT Cosy ta có

    \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\c^2+a\ge^22ac\end{cases}}\)

            \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

             \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

             \(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu =xảy ra khi x=y=z>o

\(\downarrow\)

Ta có : \(\frac{x}{x^2-yz+2010}+\frac{y}{y^2-xz+2010}+\frac{z}{z^2-xy+2010}\)

\(=\frac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2010x}+\frac{y^2}{y^3-xyz+2010y}+\frac{z^2}{z^3-xyz+2010z}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2010\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3+3xy^2+3x^2y+3x^2z+3xz^2+3y^2z+3yz^2}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)