b)

$S^{-2} + 2e \to S^0$
$N^{+5} \to N^{+2} + 3e$

$3H_2S + 2HNO_3 \to 3S + 2NO + 4H_2O$

c)

$Mg^0 \to Mg^{+2} + 2e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$
$3Mg + 8HNO_3 \to 3Mg(NO_3)_2 + 2NO + 4H_2O$

e)

$Al^0 \to Al^{+3} + 3e$
$S^{+6} + 2e \to S^{+4}$
$2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$

g)

$Cu_2S \to 2Cu^{+2} + S^{+6} + 10e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$

$3Cu_2S + 16HNO_3 \to 3Cu(NO_3)_2 + 3CuSO_4 + 10NO + 8H_2O$

Câu 2:

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ PTHH:2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m=m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

Câu 3:

Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Mg}=y(mol) \end{cases} \)

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol) PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 56x+24y=10,16\\ x+y=0,25 \end{cases} \Rightarrow\begin{cases} x=0,13(mol)\\ y=0,12(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,13.56}{10,16}.100\%=71,65\%\\ \%_{Mg}=100\%-71,65\%=28,35\% \end{cases}\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+2n_{Mg}=0,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1M\)

(1) \(K\overset{+7}{Mn}O_4+H\overset{-1}{Cl}\rightarrow KCl+\overset{+2}{Mn}Cl_2+\overset{0}{Cl_2}+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: HCl

Chất oxh: KMnO₄

- Sự oxh: \(2Cl^{-1}\rightarrow Cl_2^0+2e|\times5\)

Sự khử: \(Mn^{+7}+5e\rightarrow Mn^{+2}|\times2\)

\(\rightarrow2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

(2) \(H\overset{+5}{N}O_3+\overset{0}{Cu}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{Cu}\left(NO_3\right)_2+\overset{+4}{N}O_2+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: Cu

Chất oxh: HNO₃

- Sự khử: \(N^{+5}+1e\rightarrow N^{+4}|\times2\)

Sự oxh: \(Cu^0\rightarrow Cu^{+2}+2e|\times1\)

\(\rightarrow4HNO_3+Cu\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NO_2+2H_2O\)

(3) \(\overset{-3}{N}H_3+\overset{0}{O_2}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{N}\overset{-2}{O}+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: NH₃

 Chất oxh: O₂

- Sự khử: \(O_2^0+4e\rightarrow2O^{-2}|\times5\)

Sự oxh: \(N^{-3}\rightarrow N^{+2}+5e|\times4\)

\(\rightarrow4NH_3+5O_2\rightarrow4NO+6H_2O\)