Ta có: \(x=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{1}{16}-\frac{1}{8}\sqrt{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2+\frac{1}{8}}}+\frac{1}{4}\sqrt{2}\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2+\frac{1}{8}}}+\sqrt{2}\right)=\frac{-x\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}{4}\Rightarrow x^4=\frac{x^2-2x+1}{8}\)

Và \(x^4+x+1=\frac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{8}\)

Thay vào A ta có A=\(\sqrt{2}\)

Ta co:

\(a^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}\right)-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}+\frac{1}{32}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}+\frac{1}{16}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{8}a^2=1-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}+\frac{\sqrt{8}}{16}\)

Ta lại co:

\(8a+\sqrt{2}=4\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow64a^2+16\sqrt{2}a+2=16\sqrt{2}+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2}a^2=1-a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8a^4=a^2-2a+1\)

Từ đề bài co:

\(\sqrt{8}M=\sqrt{8}a^2+\sqrt{8a^4+8a+8}\)

\(=\sqrt{8}a^2+\sqrt{a^2-2a+1+8a+8}\)

\(=\sqrt{8}a^2+a+3\)

\(=1-\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}+\frac{\sqrt{8}}{16}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}+3\)

\(=4\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\sqrt{2}\) 

CM: \(a=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\Rightarrow a+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{8}\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}}\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{a\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{8}\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{2\sqrt{a}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}+\frac{1}{32}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\)

Theo trên: \(4a^2+\sqrt{2}a-\sqrt{2}=0\Rightarrow a^2=\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-a\right)}{4}\Rightarrow a^4=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+a+1=\frac{a^2-2a+1}{8}+a+1=\left(\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\)

\(B=a^2+\sqrt{a^4+a+1}=a^2+\frac{a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}a^2+a+3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\frac{4a^2+\sqrt{2}a+3\sqrt{2}}{4}=\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{4}=\sqrt{2}\)

Bài 1

a) \(P=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{a+\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-\sqrt{a}}\)    (ĐK : x\(\ge0\) ; x\(\ne\) 1)

        \(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)

         \(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

         \(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-a+1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

         \(=\frac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

         \(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

         \(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)

b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)

Vậy để P là số nguyên thì: \(\sqrt{a}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)\)

Mà Ư(2)={-1;1;2;-1}

=> \(\sqrt{a}-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

Ta có bảng sau:

vậy a={0;4;9} thì P nguyên

Bài 2

  \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a+4\sqrt{a-4}}+\sqrt{a-4\sqrt{a-4}}}{\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{a}+\frac{16}{a^2}}}\)(ĐK:a\(\ge\)8)

      \(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)+4\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)-4\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)

     \(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)

      \(=\sqrt{a-4}+2+\sqrt{a-4}-2:\frac{a-4}{a}\)

     \(=2\sqrt{a-4}\cdot\frac{a}{a-4}\)

     \(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a-4}}\)