x⁴ - 12x² + 12x - 9 = (x⁴ - 3x³) + (3x³ - 9x²) + (- 3x² + 9x) + (3x - 9)

= (x - 3)(x³ + 3x² - 3x + 3) = 0

Bài 1:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+2=2x+y\left(1\right)\\2xy+y^2+3y=6\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow xy-y+2-2x=0\)

\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(x=1\). Thay vào (2) ta được:

\(2y+y^2+3y=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+5y-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+y-6y-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(y+1\right)-6\left(y+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+1\right)\left(y-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(y=2\). Thay vào (2) ta được:

\(2x.2+2^2+3.2=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x+4+6=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm (x,y) \(\in\left\{\left(1;-1\right),\left(1;6\right),\left(-1;2\right)\right\}\)

Bài 2:

\(f\left(x\right)=x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x\)

\(=x\left(x^3+6x^2+11x+6\right)\)

\(=x\left(x^3+x^2+5x^2+5x+6x+6\right)\)

\(=x\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)+5x\left(x+1\right)+6\left(x+1\right)\right]\)

\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x+2x+6\right)\)

\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+3\right)\right]\)

\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)+1=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+1\)

\(=x\left(x+3\right).\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+3x\right).\left(x^2+3x+2\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+3x\right)^2+2\left(x^2+3x\right)+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\)

Vì x là số nguyên nên \(f\left(x\right)+1\) là số chính phương.

\(\frac{x^4+x^3-x^2-2x-2}{x^4+2x^3-x^2-4x-2}=\frac{\left(x^4-x^2-2\right)+\left(x^3-2x\right)}{\left(x^4-x^2-2\right)+\left(2x^3-4x\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+x\left(x^2-2\right)}{\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+2x\left(x^2-2\right)}=\frac{\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^2+x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)

\(F\left(x\right)=\frac{x^4+x^3-x^2-2x-2}{x^4+2x^3-x^2-4x-2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x^4+x^3+x^2\right)-2x^2-2x-2}{\left(x^4+2x^3+x^2\right)-\left(2x^2+4x+2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-2\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}=\frac{x^2+x+1}{x^2+2x+1}\)

\(x^3-4x^2-12x+27=\left(x^3+27\right)-\left(4x^2+12x\right)\)\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)-4x\left(x+3\right)\\ =\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9-4x\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)

\(x^3-4x^2-12x+27\)

\(=x^3+3x^2-7x^2-21x+9x+27\)

\(=x^2\left(x+3\right)-7x\left(x+3\right)+9\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)

\(x^3-4x^2-12x+27\) 

\(=x^3-3x^2-9x+27-3x-x^2\)

\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)-9\left(x-3\right)-x\left(x-3\right)\) 

\(=\left(x^2-9-x\right)\left(x-3\right)\)

= [ x ( x + 10 ) ] [ ( x+4 ) ( x+ 6) +128

=( x² + 10x ) ( x² +10x + 24 ) +128

dat : x² + 10x =a , ta co:

a ( a + 24 ) +128

=a²  + 24a +128

= (a + 12 )²  - 16

= ( a+ 12 -4 )  ( a + 12 + 4)

= ( a +8 ) ( a + 16 )

= ( x² + 10x +8 )( x² + 10x + 4)

a, x²-7x-14y+2x

=x(x+2)-7(x-2y)

b, x³-4x²y+4xy²-25x

=x³-4x²y+4xy²-y³-25x+y³

=(x-y)³-25x+y³

a ) = x(x+2) - 7(x+2y)

b) =  -4 xy ( x-y) + (x^3-25x)  [ câu này mk , chaqcs là làm đúng đâu ]