đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=ck\\b=dk\end{cases}}\)

a, ta có 

+) \(\frac{ma+nc}{mb+nd}=\frac{mck+nc}{mdk+nd}=\frac{c\left(mk+n\right)}{d\left(mk+n\right)}=\frac{c}{d}\)

+) \(\frac{pa+qc}{pb+qd}=\frac{pck+qc}{pdk+qd}=\frac{c\left(pk+q\right)}{d\left(pk+q\right)}=\frac{c}{d}\)

Vậy...........

b, Ta có 

+) \(\frac{ma+nd}{mc+nd}=\frac{mck+ndk}{mc+nd}=\frac{k\left(mc+nd\right)}{mc+nd}=k\)

+) \(\frac{pa+qb}{pc+qd}=\frac{pck+pdk}{pc+qd}=\frac{k\left(pc+qd\right)}{pc+qd}=k\)

Vậy.............

c, ta có 

+) \(\frac{ma+nc}{pa+qc}=\frac{mck+nc}{pck+qc}=\frac{c\left(mk+n\right)}{c\left(pk+q\right)}=\frac{mk+n}{pk+q}\)

+) \(\frac{mb+nd}{pb+qd}=\frac{mdk+nd}{pdk+qd}=\frac{d\left(mk+n\right)}{d\left(pk+q\right)}=\frac{mk+n}{pk+q}\)

vậy.........

d, ta có 

+) \(\frac{ma+nb}{pa+qb}=\frac{mck+ndk}{pck+qdk}=\frac{k\left(mc+nd\right)}{k\left(pc+qd\right)}=\frac{mc+nd}{pc+qd}\)

Vậy.........

thanks bạn nhìu nha

a) Vì \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{ma}{mc}=\frac{nb}{nd}\)

áp dụng tc của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{ma}{mc}=\frac{nb}{nd}=\frac{ma+nb}{mc+nd}=\frac{ma-nb}{mc-nd}\)

                     \(\Rightarrow\frac{ma+nc}{ma-nb}=\frac{mc+nd}{mc-nd}\left(đpcm\right)\)

sai đề mb=nb  TL:

a)đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\) 

=>a=kb ;c=kd

=>\(\frac{ma+nb}{ma-nb}=\frac{m.k.b+n.b}{m.k.b-n.b}=\frac{b\left(m.k+n\right)}{b\left(m.k-n\right)}=\frac{m.k+n}{m.k-n}\) 

Mặt khác: 

\(\frac{mc+nd}{mc-nd}=\frac{m.k.d+n.d}{m.k.d-n.d}=\frac{d\left(m.k+n\right)}{d\left(m.k-n\right)}=\frac{m.k+n}{m.k-n}\) 

=>\(\frac{ma+nb}{ma-nb}=\frac{mc+nd}{mc-nd}\) (đpcm)

hc tốt

Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)

Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)

Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)

Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)

Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*

\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{​​}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c

P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:

1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)

\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)

bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko

3a biến đổi tí là xong

b tuong tự bài 1 

a)Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

Suy ra \(\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\frac{bkb}{dkd}\)

Xét VT \(\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(1\right)\)

Xét VP \(\frac{bkb}{dkd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) =>Đpcm

Giải:

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

Ta có:

\(a=bk\)

\(c=dk\)

a) Ta có:
 

\(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\left[\frac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}\right]^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (1)

\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bkb}{dkd}=\frac{b^2.k}{d^2.k}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)

b) Ta có:

\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left[\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right]^3=\left(\frac{d}{b}\right)^3\) (1)

\(\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^3-b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3.k^3-b^3}{d^3.k^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3.\left(k^3-1\right)}{d^3.\left(k^3-1\right)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}\) (đpcm)

b)Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

Suy ra \(\begin{cases}a=bk\\c=dk\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3-b^3}{c^3-d^3}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\frac{\left(bk\right)^3-b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3-d^3}\)

Xét VT \(\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\left(1\right)\)

Xét VP \(\frac{\left(bk\right)^3-b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3k^3-b^3}{d^3k^3-d^3}=\frac{b^3\left(k-1\right)}{d^3\left(k-1\right)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) =>Đpcm

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)\(=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=b.k\\c=d.k\end{cases}}\)

\(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b.k-b}{d.k-d}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b.\left(k-1\right)}{d.\left(k-1\right)}\right)^2\)\(=\frac{\left(b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2\right)}{\left(d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2\right)}=\frac{b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)\(\left(1\right)\)

\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b.k.b}{d.k.d}=\frac{b^2.k}{d^2.k}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\frac{ab}{cd}\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}\)= \(\frac{c}{d}\)= k  => a= bk ; c = dk 
\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\) = \(\frac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2.\left(k-1\right)^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)

\(\frac{ab}{cd}\)= \(\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}\)= \(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) ->> \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\) = \(\frac{ab}{cd}\) 

1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)

\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\)  (1) 

áp dụng (x² +y² +z²)(m²+n²+p²) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)

(2a²bc +b²c² + 2b²ac+a²c² + 2c²ab+a²b²). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\)   <=> (ab+bc+ca)². VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\)  ( vậy (1) đúng)

dấu '=' khi a=b=c

4b, \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}=1-\frac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}+1-\frac{bc^2}{b^2+c^2}+1-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+c^2}\)

\(\ge3-\frac{ab^2}{2ab}-\frac{bc^2}{2bc}-\frac{ca^2}{2ac}=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

4c, 

\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}=a+b+c-\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}+3--\frac{b^2}{b^2+1}-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}-\frac{a^2}{a^2+1}\)\(\ge6-2\cdot\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=3\)

a) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a=kb\\c=kd\end{cases}\)

=> \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(kb\right)^2+b^2}{\left(kd\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)

\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{kbb}{kdd}=\frac{k.b^2}{k.d^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)

Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)

b) Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)

Ta có: \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=k^3\)

Mà: \(k^3=\frac{a}{d}\) => \(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a}{d}\)

a)Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(đpcm\right)\)

b)Ta có:\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{c}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{d^3}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}\)

Mà \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a}{d}=\frac{a^3}{b^3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\frac{a}{d}\)

Mình chỉ làm bài 1a, và bài 3 thôi nhé,còn lại là bạn tự làm nhé

Bài 1:

a, Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^2=\left[\frac{c}{d}\right]^2=\left[\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right]^2\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\frac{(a+c)^2}{(b+d)^2}\)

Bài 3 : Sửa đề : Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\)

CM : a = b = c

Cách 1 : Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+a}=1\)

vì \(a+b+c\ne0\)

\(\frac{a}{b}=1\Rightarrow a=b;\frac{b}{c}=1\Rightarrow b=c\)

Do đó : \(a=b=c\).

Cách 2 : Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=m\), ta có : \(a=bm,b=cm,c=am\)

Do đó : \(a=bm=m(mc)=m\left[m(ma)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow a=m^3a\Rightarrow m^3=1(a\ne0)\Rightarrow m=1\)

\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)

Cách 3 : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow1=\left[\frac{a}{b}\right]^3\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=1\)

Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}=1\Rightarrow a=b=c\)