Hiển nhiên \(c\left(c+1\right)>a\left(a+1\right)\Rightarrow c>a\ge b\)

Nếu \(c\ge2a\Rightarrow c\left(c+1\right)\ge2a\left(2a+1\right)=4a^2+2a\)

Mà \(a\left(a+1\right)+b\left(b-1\right)\le a\left(a+1\right)+a\left(a-1\right)=2a^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^2\ge4a^2+2a\Rightarrow2a^2+2a\le0\) (vô lý)

\(\Rightarrow c< 2a\)

Ta có:

\(4a\left(a+1\right)+4b\left(b-1\right)+1=4c\left(c+1\right)+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a\left(a+1\right)+\left(2b-1\right)^2=\left(2c+1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a\left(a+1\right)=\left(2c+1\right)^2-\left(2b-1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+1\right)=\left(c-b+1\right)\left(c+b\right)\) (*)

Nếu \(c-b+1\ge a\Rightarrow\left(c-b+1\right)\left(c+b\right)>a\left(a+b\right)>a\left(a+1\right)\) (ktm)

\(\Rightarrow c-b+1< a\) \(\Rightarrow c-b+1\) ko có ước nguyên tố nào là a

\(\Rightarrow c+b⋮a\Rightarrow\dfrac{c+b}{a}\in Z\) (1)

Theo chứng minh ban đầu, ta có \(b\le a< c< 2a\)

\(\Rightarrow a< c+b< 2a+a=3a\Rightarrow1< \dfrac{c+b}{a}< 3\) (2)

(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c+b}{a}=2\Rightarrow c+b=2a\)

Thế vào (*) \(\Rightarrow a+1=2\left(c-b+1\right)\Rightarrow2c-2b+1=a\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(2a-b\right)-2b+1=a\Rightarrow3a-4b+1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(a-1\right)=4\left(b-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow b-1⋮3\Rightarrow b-1=3k\Rightarrow b=3k+1\)

\(\Rightarrow a=4k+1\)

\(\Rightarrow c=2a-b=5k+1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(5k+1\right)-5\left(3k+1\right)=-2\)

\(Ta có:&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\) Theo Cauchy:&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\) =>&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1} {4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\) =>&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\) Tương tự:&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\) Và:&nbsp;\(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\) =>&nbsp;\(P\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2017\) => Pmax &nbsp;= 2017:4=504,25\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\)

Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)

=> \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)

Và: \(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)

=> \(P\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2017\)

=> P_max = 2017:4=504,25

\(Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\) Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\) => \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1} {4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\) => \(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\) Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\) Và: \(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\) => \(P\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{a+c}+\frac{2}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.2017\) => Pmax  = 2017:4=504,25\)

b) Ta có:

\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{c+a+b}\) ( tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)

\(=\frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2c\\b+c=2a\\c+a=2b\end{cases}}\)

Ta có:

\(b+c=2a\)

\(\Rightarrow2b+2c=4a\)

Mà 2c=a+b

\(\Rightarrow\)2b+a+b=4a

\(\Rightarrow3b=3a\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b\)

Chứng minh tương tự:b=c;a=c

Thay vào biểu thức:

\(\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=2\times2\times2=8\)8

https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-abc-0-thoa-man-abbcca3-tim-gia-tri-nho-nhat-cua-pdfrac13a1b2dfrac13b1c2dfrac13c1a2.6181078378966

Áp dụng bđt Schwarz ta có:

\(P=\dfrac{a^4}{2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^4}{2cb+3ab}+\dfrac{c^4}{2ac+3bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{5\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{5}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\).