Vì (x+2y)² ; (y-1)² ; (x-z)²  lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0

=>x+2y = 0 ; y-1=0 ;x-z=0

=>x=-2y ; y=1 ;z=x

=>x=-2 ; y=1 ; z=-2

(I)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-3y\right)^2\ge\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x+z\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}voi..\forall x,y,z\in R}\) để có được cái biết:==> (I) phải đồng thời có đẳng thức

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=1\\z=-3\end{cases}}\) thay vào A(x,y,z)=A(3,1-3)=3.3+2.1+(-3)=8

\(ĐK:x\ne y;x\ne-y;x^2+xy+y^2\ne0;x^2-xy+y^2\ne0\)

\(A=\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\cdot\left[1:\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\right]\\ A=\dfrac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\\ A=x-y=B\)

\(x=0;y=0\Leftrightarrow B=0\)

Giá trị của A không xác định vì \(x=y\) trái với ĐK:\(x\ne y\)

Vậy \(A\ne B\)

\(A=\left|x+2y+3z\right|\Rightarrow A^2\le\left(1+2^2+3^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=14\Rightarrow A\le\sqrt{14}\)

\(max_A=\sqrt{14}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{3}\\x^2+y^2+z^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{14}};\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{7}};\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{14}}\right)\\\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{14}};-\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{7}};-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{14}}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-3y=0\\y-1=0\\z+2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3y\\y=1\\z=-2\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=1\\z=-2\end{cases}}}\)

Thế vào A ta được \(2\left(3\right)+2\left(1\right)+\left(-2\right)=6\)

Do \(x+y+z=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\left(y+z\right)\Rightarrow x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2\Rightarrow4yz-x^2=4yz-\left(y+z^2\right)=-\left(y-z\right)^2\)

Tương tự \(4zx-y^2=-\left(z-x\right)^2\)

               \(4xy-z^2=-\left(x-y\right)^2\)

Ta lại có: \(yz+2x^2=yz+x^2-x\left(y+z\right)=yz+x^2-xy-xz=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)

Tương tự: \(zx+2y^2=\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\)

                \(xy+2z^2=\left(y-z\right)\left(y-y\right)\)

\(P=\frac{\left(4yz-x^2\right)\left(4zx-y^2\right)\left(4xy-z^2\right)}{\left(yz+2x^2\right)\left(zx+2y^2\right)\left(xy+2z^2\right)}=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)

\(=\frac{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}{-\left(y-z\right)^2\left(z-x\right)^2\left(x-y\right)^2}=1\)