b, \(\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{5}{x-2}=\frac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne\pm1;x\ne2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{5}{2-x}=\frac{15}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)+5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{15\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2-x\right)}\)

Suy ra:

\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x+1)(2-x)+5(x-1)(x+1) = 15(x-1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)2x-x²-x+2+5x²-5 = 15x-15

\(\Leftrightarrow\)2x-x²-x+5x²-15x = -15+5-2

\(\Leftrightarrow\)4x²-14x = -12

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-14x+12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-8x-6x+12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)4x(x-2) - 6(x-2) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(4x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\4x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(kotm\right)\\x=\frac{3}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất x = \(\frac{3}{2}\)

Bài 1:

d)ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne8\)

Ta có: \(\frac{3}{2x-16}+\frac{3x-20}{x-8}+\frac{1}{8}=\frac{13x-102}{3x-24}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{2x-16}+\frac{3x-20}{x-8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{13x-102}{3x-24}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{2\left(x-8\right)}+\frac{3x-20}{x-8}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{13x-102}{3\left(x-8\right)}=0\)

MTC=24(x-8)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{36}{24\left(x-8\right)}+\frac{72x-480}{24\left(x-8\right)}+\frac{3x-24}{24\left(x-8\right)}-\frac{104x-816}{24\left(x-8\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow36+72x-480+3x-24-104x+816=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow348-29x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-29x+348=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-348}{-29}=12\)

Vậy: x=12

e) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1\)

Ta có: \(\frac{6}{x^2-1}+5=\frac{8x-1}{4x+4}-\frac{12x-1}{4-4x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{6}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+5-\frac{8x-1}{4x+4}+\frac{12x-1}{4-4x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{6}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+5-\frac{8x-1}{4\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{12x-1}{4\left(1-x\right)}=0\)

MTC=4(x+1)(x-1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{24}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{20x^2-20}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{8x^2-9x+1}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{12x^2-11x-1}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow24+20x^2-20-8x^2+9x-1-12x^2+11x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow20x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow20x=-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{4}{20}=-0,2\)(loại)

Vậy: x không có giá trị

g) Ta có: \(\frac{\frac{x+1}{x-1}-\frac{x-1}{x+1}}{1+\frac{x+1}{x-1}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}}{\frac{x-1}{x-1}+\frac{x+1}{x-1}}-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\frac{x^2+2x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{x^2-2x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}{\frac{2x}{x-1}}-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+2x+1-x^2+2x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\frac{x-1}{2x}-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4x\cdot\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot2x}-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{1}{2}=0\)

MTC=2(x+1)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{2\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{x+1}{2\left(x+1\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2-x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(loại vì không thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)

Vậy: x không có giá trị

Bài 1.

a)\(\frac{4x-4}{x^2-4x+4}\div\frac{x^2-1}{\left(2-x\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\div\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\times\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{4}{x+1}\)

b) \(\frac{2x+1}{2x^2-x}+\frac{32x^2}{1-4x^2}+\frac{1-2x}{2x^2+x}=\frac{2x+1}{x\left(2x-1\right)}+\frac{-32x^2}{4x^2-1}+\frac{1-2x}{x\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-32x^3}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(2x-1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{4x^2+4x+1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-32x^3}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}+\frac{-4x^2+4x-1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{4x^2+4x+1-32x^3-4x^2+4x-1}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\frac{-32x^3+8x}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{-8x\left(4x^2-1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=\frac{-8x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}=-8\)

c) \(\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{2x}{1-x^2}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{2x}{x^2-1}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)

\(=\left(\frac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)

\(=\left(\frac{x-1+x+1+2x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\times\frac{x-1}{4x}\)

\(=\frac{4x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\times\frac{x-1}{4x}=\frac{1}{x+1}\)

Bài 3.

N = ( 4x + 3 )² - 2x( x + 6 ) - 5( x - 2 )( x + 2 )

= 16x² + 24x + 9 - 2x² - 12x - 5( x² - 4 )

= 14x² + 12x + 9 - 5x² + 20

= 9x² + 12x + 29

= 9( x² + 4/3x + 4/9 ) + 25

= 9( x + 2/3 )² + 25 ≥ 25 > 0 ∀ x 

=> đpcm

\(A=1-\left(\frac{2}{1+2\sqrt{x}}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}}{4x-1}-\frac{1}{1-2\sqrt{x}}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{4x+4\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=1-\left(\frac{2\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)+5\sqrt{x}-1-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\)

\(=1-\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1-\frac{1+2\sqrt{x}}{1-2\sqrt{x}}=2-\frac{2}{1-2\sqrt{x}}\)

để A là số nguyên thì \(1-2\sqrt{x}\) là ước của 2 khi đó ta tìm được \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)

|5x-3| - 3x = 7

*Nếu \(x\ge\frac{3}{5}\)

5x - 3 - 3x = 7

2x = 10

x = 5 ( tm)

*Nếu \(x< \frac{3}{5}\)

3 - 5x - 3x = 7

-8x = 4 

x = \(-\frac{1}{2}\)( tm )

Làm hơi khó nhìn , thông cảm. Mệt rùi :)

|x - 3| + |x - 5| - 4x = -28

*Nếu x < 3

3 - x + 5 - x - 4x = -28

-6x = -36

x = 6 ( loại do ko tm khoảng đang xét )

* nếu 3 < x < 5

x - 3 + 5 - x - 4x = -28

-4x = -30

x= \(\frac{15}{2}\) ( loại do ko tm khaongr đang xét )

*Nếu x > 5

x - 3 + x - 5 - 4x = -28

-2x = -20

x = 10 ( tm)

Vậy x =10

|x + 2| + |x + 3/5| + |x+1/2| = 4x

Câu này cũng xét khoảng x < -2     

                                         -3/5 < x < -1/2

                                           x > -1/2

|2x-1| + ( 4x² - 1)² = 0

Vì |2x - 1| > 0 với mọi x

   ( 4x² - 1)² > 0 với mọi x

=> |2x-1| + (4x² - 1)² > 0 với mọi x

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> 2x - 1= 4x² - 1 = 0

                       <=> x = 1/2

Đây gọi là phương pháp dùng bất đẳng thức

1,\(\frac{3}{2x+6}-\frac{x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)

=\(\frac{3x}{x\left(2x+6\right)}+\frac{x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)

=\(\frac{3x+x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)=\(\frac{4x-6}{x\left(2x+6\right)}=\frac{2\left(2x-3\right)}{x\left(2x+6\right)}\)

2, \(\frac{1}{1-x}-\frac{2x}{1-x^2}\)=\(\frac{1+x}{\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)}+\frac{2x}{\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)}\)=\(\frac{1+x+2x}{\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)}=\frac{3x+1}{\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)}\)

3,1/x(y-x)-1/y(y-x)=y/xy(y-x)-x/xy(y-x)=(y-x)/xy(x-y)=1/xy