\(4x^2+4y^2\ge8xy\)

\(16x^2+z^2\ge8zx\)

\(16y^2+z^2\ge8yz\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(20x^2+20y^2+2z^2\ge8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10x^2+10y^2+z^2\ge4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy , ta có : 

\(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)

<=> \(xyz\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)

<=> \(x^3y^3z^3\ge27xyz\)

<=> \(x^2y^2z^2\ge27\)

<=> \(\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\ge3\)

Ta có 

\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+yz+yz}+\frac{1}{y^2+zx+zx}+\frac{1}{z^2+xy+xy}\le\frac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}\)

                                                                                                                  \(=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}\le\frac{1}{3}\)

Vậy Max = 1/3 

\(P=\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2+4^2}+\sqrt{\left(y-3\right)^2+4^2}+\sqrt{\left(z-3\right)^2+4^2}\)

\(P\ge\sqrt{\left(x-3+y-3+z-3\right)^2+\left(4+4+4\right)^2}=6\sqrt{5}\)

\(P_{min}=6\sqrt{5}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Mặt khác với mọi \(x\in\left[0;3\right]\) ta có:

\(\sqrt{x^2-6x+25}\le\dfrac{15-x}{3}\)

Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(9\left(x^2-6x+25\right)\le\left(15-x\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x\left(3-x\right)\ge0\) luôn đúng

Tương tự: ...

\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{45-\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}=14\)

\(P_{max}=14\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;3\right)\) và hoán vị

1) đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=a\left(a\ge0\right);\sqrt{y-4}=b\left(b\ge0;\right)\)

M = \(\frac{a}{a^2+1}+\frac{b}{b^2+4}\); a² +1 \(\ge2a;b^2+4\ge4b\)=> M \(\le\frac{a}{2a}+\frac{b}{4b}=\frac{3}{4}\)

M đạt GTLN khi a=1, b=2 hay x=2; y= 8

2) <=> (x-y)² + (x+2)² =8 => (x+2)²\(\le8< =>\left|x+2\right|\le\sqrt{8}\approx2< =>-2\le x+2\le2< =>\)\(-4\le x\le0\)

x=-4 => (y+4)² =4 <=> y = -2;y = -6

x=-3 => (y+3)² = 7 (vô nghiệm); x=-1 => (y+1)² =7 (vô nghiệm)

x=0 => y² = 4 => y =2;  =-2

vậy có các nghiệm (x;y) = (-4;-2); (-4;-6); (0;-2); (0;2)

3) \(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}\ge2\frac{x}{z}\left(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\right)\); tương tự với các số còn lại ta được điều phải chứng minh

3) sửa lại

áp dụng a²+b²+c² \(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{z^2}+\frac{z^2}{x^2}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\)(vì \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz}{yzx}}=3\))

dấu '=' khi x=y=z

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=0\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy=-yz-zx;yz=-xy-zx;zx=-xy-yz\)

Ta có: x²+2yz=x²+yz+yz=x²+yz-xy-zx=x(x-y)-z(x-y)=(x-y)(x-z)

Tương tự: \(y^2+2xz=\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right);z^2+2xy=\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)\)

A= \(\frac{yz}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{xz}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{xy}{z^2+2xy}\)=\(\frac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{xz}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{xy}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)

\(=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\frac{xz\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)

\(=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}\)\(=\frac{xy\left(x-y\right)-xz\left(x-y+y-z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{xy\left(x-y\right)-xz\left(x-y\right)-xz\left(y-z\right)+yz\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)\(=\frac{\left(xy-xz\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(xz-yz\right)\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=1\)

Bạn tham khảo tại đây:

Câu hỏi của trieu dang - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(yz+xz+xy\right)}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow yz+zx+xy=0\)

Ta có : \(x^2+2yz=x^2+yz+yz\)

                              \(=x^2+yz-zx-xy\)

                              \(=x\left(x-z\right)-y\left(x-z\right)\)

                              \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)

Tương tự : \(y^2+2xz=y^2+xz+xz\)

                                    \(=y^2+xz-xy-yz\)

                                    \(=y\left(y-x\right)+z\left(x-y\right)\)

                                    \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)\)

                  \(z^2+2xy=\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(z-y\right)}+\frac{xy}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)  \(M=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\frac{xz\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)

\(M=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\frac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-y+y-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

\(A=\frac{\left(yz-xz\right)\left(y-z\right)+\left(xy-xz\right)\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}=1\)

Tính thế làm gì bạn ê