Ta có :

\(n_{KMnO4}=\frac{47,4}{158}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

Theo lý thuyết , tạo ra 0,75mol Cl2

\(n_{NaCl}=\frac{26,325}{58,5}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)

0,45______________0,45_____________

\(\Rightarrow H=\frac{0,45}{0,75}.100\%=60\%\)

Phản ứng xảy ra:

\(n_{KClO3}=\frac{24,5}{39+35,5+16.3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO2\left(pư\right)}=0,2.70\%=0,14\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl2}=0,14.3=0,42\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+Cl_2\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaCl}=n_{NaClO}=n_{Cl2}=0,42\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=m_{NaCl}+m_{NaClO}=0,42.58,5+0,42.74,5=55,86\left(g\right)\)

-----------0,2----------0,6 mol

Cl2+2NaOH-->NaCl+NaClO+H2O

0,6-----------------0,6-----0,6 mol

nKClO3=24,5\122,5=0,2 mol

=>VCl2=0,6.22,4=13,44 l

=>mChất tan= 0,6.58,5+0,6.74,5=79,8 g

Bài 43:\(PTHH:2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\left(1\right)\)

\(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaClO+NaC;+H_2O\left(2\right)\)

Ta có :

\(m_{NaCl}+m_{NaClO}=33,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaClO}=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow58,5a+74,5=33,25\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH (2) \(n_{Cl2}=n_{NaCl}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH (1)\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO4}=\frac{2}{5}n_{Cl2}=\frac{2}{5}.0,25=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Mà H điều chế = 80% \(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO4\left(bđ\right)}=\frac{0,1}{80\%}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO4\left(bđ\right)}=0,125.155=19,375\left(g\right)\)

Bài 44:

\(KClO_3+6HCl\rightarrow KCl+3Cl_2+3H_2O\)

\(Cl_2+2KOH\rightarrow KCl+KClO+H_2O\)

Ta có:

\(n_{KCl}=\frac{17,433}{74,5}=0,234\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl2}=n_{KCl}=0,234\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO3}=\frac{0,234}{3}=0,078\left(mol\right)\)

Mà H =75%

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO3}=\frac{0,078.122,5}{75\%}=12,74\left(g\right)\)

\(Cl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+NaClO+H_2O\)

a______________a______a_______________

\(\Rightarrow58,5a+74,5b=33,25\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

0,1___________________________0,25______________

\(H=80\%\Rightarrow\) Thực tế cần \(0,1:80\%=0,125\left(mol\right)KMnO_4\)

\(\Rightarrow m=0,125.158=19,75\left(g\right)\)

Câu 44

Phản ứng điều chế là vs

0,0624_______________0,1872________

\(3Cl_2+6KOH\rightarrow KClO_3+5KCl+3H_2O\)

0,1404__________________0,234__________

\(n_{Cl\left(lt\right)}=\frac{0,1404}{75\%}=0,1872\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO3}=0,0624.122,5=7,644\)

Câu 45

\(n_{Cl2}=\frac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol lần lượt là

Phản ứng xảy ra:

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+6H_2O\)

\(14HCl+K_2Cr_2O_7\rightarrow2KCl+2CrCl_3+3Cl_2+7H_2O\)

Ta có hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}158x+194y=61\\2,4x+3y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n\%_{KMnO4}=\frac{0,2}{01+0,2}.100\%=66,67\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%n_{K2Cr2O7}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)