IV/ Put the word from the box in each gap to complete the following passage.

Everybody knows that the hamburger is a very (1) ............. America food. However, people in the United States learned to make hamburgers (2) ............. Germans. The Germans got the idea from Russia. In the thirteenth century the Tartar people from Central Asia (3)...... to Russia and parts of Europe. They (4)..........something like hamburger meat, but it was raw. This raw meat was beef, lamb, goat meat or horse meat. Soon the Russians started to eat raw meat, (5) ..........Germans from Hamburg and other northern cities learned to eat this food from the Russians (6) .............., they added salt, pepper, a raw egg, and then cooked it.

Between 1830 and 1900 thousands (7) ........... Germans went to live in the United States. They took the hamburger with (8)..................... People called it hamburger steak.

In 1940 at the World's Fair in St. Loui (a city on the Mississippi River) a man from Texas sold hamburger steak in roll. Then people could eat it (9)......... their hands, like a sandwich. This was the first real hamburger (10)........... the hamburger we eat today.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

       I believe that it is important (1) _____ uniforms when students are at school. Firstly, uniforms encourage the children to take pride in being students of the school that they are going to (2) _____ they are wearing uniforms with labels bearing their school’s name. Secondly, wearing uniforms (3) _____ students feel equal in many ways. They all start from the same place no matter they are rich or poor. They are really friends to one another under one school roof. Finally, it is practical to wear uniforms. It doesn’t (4) _____ you time to think of what to wear every day. In conclusion, all students, from primary to high schools should wear uniforms.

 1. A. to wear            B.  wearing                 C. wear                        D. to wearing

 2. A. so                     B. because                   C. therefore                 D. though

 3. A. helping            B. helped                     C. help                        D.helps

 4. A. take                 B. keep                        C. force                       D. make

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B or C on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Last week I went to visit Atlantic College, an excellent private college in Wales. Unusually, it gives people much needed experience of life outside the classroom, as well as the opportunity to study for their exams. The students, who are aged between 16 and 18 and come from all over the word, spend the morning studying. In the afternoon they go out and do a really useful activity, such as helping on the farm, looking after people with learning difficulties, or checking for pollution in rivers.

One of the great things about Atlantic College students is that they come from many different social backgrounds and countries. As few can afford the fees of £20,000 over two years, grants are available.

A quarter of students are British, and many of those can only attend because they receive government help.

“I really admire the college for trying to encourage international understanding among young people", as Barbara Molenkamp, a student from the Netherlands, said. ''You learn to live with people and respect them, even the ones you don't like. During the summer holidays my mother couldn't believe how much less I argued with my sister."

To sum up, Atlantic College gives its students an excellent education, using methods which really seem to work.

Question 5:.What is the writer trying to do in the text?

A.   give an opinion about a particular student

B.   give an opinion about a special type of education

C.   describe the activities the students do in their free time

D.   describe his own experience of education

Question 6: What is the writer's opinion of Atlantic College?

A. It doesn't allow students enough study time.

B. Its students are taught to like each other.

C. It doesn’t give good value for money.

D. Its way of teaching is successful.

Question 7: The word "argued" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to        _____.

A.    quarreled               B. respected                C. admired                  D. regarded

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 26 to 35.

Blue Moon

“Blue Moon” is a term that is used to describe the phenomenon of a second full moon occurring in one month. How could two full moons possibly occur in a single month? It is not nature’s fault; the natural phrases of the moon do not perfectly match up with the Roman calendar.

Although still used today, this calendar was devised by Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar over 2000 years ago. While the calendar works well, the method that they used does not match the lunar cycle exactly. Thus, occasionally the moon will go through its “full” phrase twice before the month changes.

[1] A “blue moon” is an uncommon event. [2] And it rare occurrence of a eventually led to the usage of the phrase “once in a blue moon”. [3] This phrase was commonly used to indicate an event that could never happen. Over time, the meaning of the phrase changed from something that seldom happens. [4] Today, this phrase is used to indicate extremely rare events, the absurd, or things that never happen.

What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To explain the definition and the usage of “blue moon”

B.  To inform readers of the difference between the Roman calendar and the lunar calendar

C. To support the importance of the lunar calendar

D. None of the above

• You are going to read the article below. Five sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from line sentences      A - F the one which fits each gap (1 - 5).

                                                                                       SOCIAL MEDIA AND FRIENDSHIP

   Having too many friends does not sound like the kind of thing anyone should really be too concerned about. After all, what can be wrong with having a wider group of people to hang out with? According to the latest figures, the average number of friends people have with social media is somewhere between 200 and 300. (1) __________ But is this a realistic amount? Is it feasible to maintain meaningful relationships with so many people, in particular those you may never actually meet in person? 

   Nowadays, we are just one click away from making new friends on social media. (2) __________ For instance, when I see that a friend has updated their profile with snaps from their latest holiday, I'd typically reply with a comment like “Wow, looks great!” even though in actual fact, it doesn’t. The unwritten agreement is that the next time I post, that friend will respond with a similarly appreciative comment, so I’ll feel better about myself. 

   Not long ago, I got chatting to someone at a concert, who told me that she loved going to gigs. We got along pretty well that evening, even though the music was so loud! We even swapped numbers and added each other on social media. Now, I see her pop up in my feed now and again and I ‘like’ her photos from various gigs she’s been to, but I’m pretty certain that we’ll never arrange to meet up in real life. 

   (3) __________ That being said, we’re living in a time where we expect things to happen instantly, so is it really all that surprising that the way we form friendships has adapted to this trend? Perhaps it shows how social media has made friendships less sincere, reducing them to a series of meaningless ‘adds’ and ‘likes’. 

   Real friendships, on the other hand, take time to build. My most important relationships haven’t grown out of a few trivial online exchanges. (4) __________ And these for me - and I believe for most other people too - are much more valuable and meaningful. It’s something that cannot be replicated on social media, no matter how many times you have ‘liked’ a person’s posts. 

   It has been suggested that technology is ruining our relationships with other people. (5) __________ However, it seems undeniable that it has now altered people’s priorities, and transformed the way that we manage our friendships in the most fundamental ways. Ultimately, though, it’s up to us to decide how real and meaningful those friendships truly are.

+ SENTENCES:

A. Personally I wouldn't go so far as to say that.

B. Research suggests that this figure is actually higher for teenagers. 

C. Social media has made this kind of problem increasingly more common.

D. It's taken years of shared experiences to develop strong and lasting bonds.

E. This has led some people to question just how sincere the friendship is.

F. It could be argued that this is just another example of how life has changed in recent years.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 26 to 35.

Blue Moon

“Blue Moon” is a term that is used to describe the phenomenon of a second full moon occurring in one month. How could two full moons possibly occur in a single month? It is not nature’s fault; the natural phrases of the moon do not perfectly match up with the Roman calendar.

Although still used today, this calendar was devised by Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar over 2000 years ago. While the calendar works well, the method that they used does not match the lunar cycle exactly. Thus, occasionally the moon will go through its “full” phrase twice before the month changes.

[1] A “blue moon” is an uncommon event. [2] And it rare occurrence of a eventually led to the usage of the phrase “once in a blue moon”. [3] This phrase was commonly used to indicate an event that could never happen. Over time, the meaning of the phrase changed from something that seldom happens. [4] Today, this phrase is used to indicate extremely rare events, the absurd, or things that never happen.

Complete the summary by choosing one sentence (A, B, C, or D) that is among the most important ideas in the passage in the blank

A. Because a blue moon is uncommon, “once in a blue moon” means “rarely” or “never”.

B. The calendar devised by the Romans works well.

C. The lunar calendar was invested by Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar.

D. The Roman calendar is still in use today.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 45 to 54.

POLAR BEARS

Polar bears are in danger of dying out. (45) _________ some other endangered animals, it’s not hunters that are the problem, it’s climate change. Since 1979, the ice cap at the Arctic Circle where the polar bears live has (46) _________ in size by about 30 percent. The temperature in the Arctic has slowly been (47) _________ and this is (48) _________ the sea ice to melt, endangering the polar bears’ home.

The polar bears’ main (49) _________ of food are the different types of seal found in the Arctic. They catch them by waiting next to the air holes the seals have (50) _________in the ice. (51) _________ the bears are very strong swimmers, they could never catch seals in the water. This means that the bears (52) _________ do rely on the ice to hunt.

Polar bears also need sea ice to travel. They can (53) _________ a huge territory and often swim from one part of the ice to another. They have been known to swim up to 100km, but when there is less ice, they may have to swim further and this can (54) _________ fatal to the bears. A number of bears have drowned in the last few years and scientists believe that it is because they were not able to reach more sea ice before they became too tired and couldn’t swim any further.

Điền vào ô 49

A. sources

B. means

C. origins

D. materials

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 45 to 54.

POLAR BEARS

Polar bears are in danger of dying out. (45) _________ some other endangered animals, it’s not hunters that are the problem, it’s climate change. Since 1979, the ice cap at the Arctic Circle where the polar bears live has (46) _________ in size by about 30 percent. The temperature in the Arctic has slowly been (47) _________ and this is (48) _________ the sea ice to melt, endangering the polar bears’ home.

The polar bears’ main (49) _________ of food are the different types of seal found in the Arctic. They catch them by waiting next to the air holes the seals have (50) _________in the ice. (51) _________ the bears are very strong swimmers, they could never catch seals in the water. This means that the bears (52) _________ do rely on the ice to hunt.

Polar bears also need sea ice to travel. They can (53) _________ a huge territory and often swim from one part of the ice to another. They have been known to swim up to 100km, but when there is less ice, they may have to swim further and this can (54) _________ fatal to the bears. A number of bears have drowned in the last few years and scientists believe that it is because they were not able to reach more sea ice before they became too tired and couldn’t swim any further.

Điền vào ô 48

A. resulting

B. turning

C. Causing

D. creating

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 45 to 54.

POLAR BEARS

Polar bears are in danger of dying out. (45) _________ some other endangered animals, it’s not hunters that are the problem, it’s climate change. Since 1979, the ice cap at the Arctic Circle where the polar bears live has (46) _________ in size by about 30 percent. The temperature in the Arctic has slowly been (47) _________ and this is (48) _________ the sea ice to melt, endangering the polar bears’ home.

The polar bears’ main (49) _________ of food are the different types of seal found in the Arctic. They catch them by waiting next to the air holes the seals have (50) _________in the ice. (51) _________ the bears are very strong swimmers, they could never catch seals in the water. This means that the bears (52) _________ do rely on the ice to hunt.

Polar bears also need sea ice to travel. They can (53) _________ a huge territory and often swim from one part of the ice to another. They have been known to swim up to 100km, but when there is less ice, they may have to swim further and this can (54) _________ fatal to the bears. A number of bears have drowned in the last few years and scientists believe that it is because they were not able to reach more sea ice before they became too tired and couldn’t swim any further.

Điền vào ô 52

A. really

B. properly

C. surely

D. fully

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 45 to 54.

POLAR BEARS

Polar bears are in danger of dying out. (45) _________ some other endangered animals, it’s not hunters that are the problem, it’s climate change. Since 1979, the ice cap at the Arctic Circle where the polar bears live has (46) _________ in size by about 30 percent. The temperature in the Arctic has slowly been (47) _________ and this is (48) _________ the sea ice to melt, endangering the polar bears’ home.

The polar bears’ main (49) _________ of food are the different types of seal found in the Arctic. They catch them by waiting next to the air holes the seals have (50) _________in the ice. (51) _________ the bears are very strong swimmers, they could never catch seals in the water. This means that the bears (52) _________ do rely on the ice to hunt.

Polar bears also need sea ice to travel. They can (53) _________ a huge territory and often swim from one part of the ice to another. They have been known to swim up to 100km, but when there is less ice, they may have to swim further and this can (54) _________ fatal to the bears. A number of bears have drowned in the last few years and scientists believe that it is because they were not able to reach more sea ice before they became too tired and couldn’t swim any further.

Điền vào ô 45

A. Opposite

B. Compared

C. Unlike

D. Different