\(A=1+7+7^2+7^3+...+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\\ \left(1+7+7^2\right)+7^3\left(1+7+7^2\right)+...+7^{2018}\left(1+7+7^2\right)\\ \left(1+7+7^2\right)\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)\\ 57\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)⋮57\)

A=1+7+7²+...+7²⁰¹⁹+7²⁰²⁰

=1+(7+7²+7³)+(7⁴+7⁵+7⁶)+...+(7²⁰¹⁸+7²⁰¹⁹+7²⁰²⁰)

=1+7(1+7+7²)+7⁴(1+7+7²)+...+7²⁰¹⁸(1+7+7²)

=1+7x57+7⁴x57+...+7²⁰¹⁸x57=1+57(7+7⁴+...+7²⁰¹⁸)

=>A chia cho 57 dư 1.vì 57(7+7⁴+...+7²⁰¹⁸)⋮57.

Ta có :

\(A=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+\left(7^3+7^4+7^5\right)+...+\left(7^{2018}+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\right)\)

\(=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+7^3\left(1+7+7^2\right)+...+7^{2018}\left(1+7+7^2\right)\)

\(=\left(1+7+7^2\right)\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)\)

\(=57\cdot\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)\)

\(=19\cdot3\cdot\left(1+7^3+7^6+...+7^{2018}\right)⋮19\) (đpcm)

\(A=1+7+7^2+7^3+...+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1+7+7^2\right)+\left(7^3+7^4+7^5\right)+....+\left(7^{2018}+7^{2019}+7^{2020}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1+7+49\right)+7^3\left(1+7+49\right)+...+7^{2018}\left(1+7+49\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=57+7^3\cdot57+...+7^{2018}\cdot57\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=57\left(1+7^3+....+7^{2018}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=3\cdot19\left(1+7^3+...+7^{2018}\right)\)

=> A chia 19 dư 0

Ta có:A=1+(7+7²+7³)+...+(7²⁰¹⁸+7²⁰¹⁹+7²⁰²⁰)

         A=1+[7(1+7+49)+...+7²⁰¹⁸(1+7+49)]

         A=1+[57(7+7²+...+7²⁰¹⁸)]

         Do 57(7+7²+...+7²⁰¹⁸) chia hết cho 19 nên 1+[57(7+7²+..+7²⁰¹⁸)] chia 19 dư 1

\(x^{2020}=x\Leftrightarrow x^{2020}-x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^{2019}-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x^{2019}=1\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)

\(1+2+2^2+2^3+....+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)

\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+....+\left(2^{2016}+2^{2017}+2^{2018}\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)

\(A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^3\left(1+2+2^2\right)+.....+2^{2016}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)

\(A=7+2^3.7+2^6.7+2^9.7+....+2^{2016}.7+2^{2019}+2^{2020}\)

\(\text{Ta có:}2^{2019}+2^{2020}=8^{673}+8^{673}.2\equiv1+1.2\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\equiv3\left(\text{mod 7}\right)\Rightarrow A\text{ chia 7 dư 3}\)

\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2020}+2^{2021}+2^{2023}\)

\(A=1+2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{2020}\left(1+2+2^2\right)-2^{2022}+2^{2023}\)

\(A=1+2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{2020}.7-2^{2022}+2^{2023}\)

\(A=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{2020}\right)+\left(2^{2022}+1\right)\left(1\right)\)

Ta có :

\(2^3=8\equiv1\) (mod 7)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2^3\right)^{674}\equiv1^{674}=1\) (mod 7)

\(\Rightarrow2^{2022}\equiv1\) (mod 7)

\(\Rightarrow2^{2022}+1\equiv1+1=2\)  (mod 7)

\(\Rightarrow2^{2022}+1\equiv2\) (mod 7)

mà \(7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{2020}\right)⋮7\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow A=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{2020}\right)+\left(2^{2022}+1\right)\equiv2\) (mod 7)

Vậy số dư của A khi chia cho 7 là 2

ta có : 

\(A=\left(1^3+2^3\right)+3^3+\left(4^3+5^3\right)+..+2019^3+2020^3\)

mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}1^3+2^3⋮\left(1+2\right)⋮3\\...\\2017^3+2018^3:⋮\left(2017+2018\right)⋮3\end{cases}}\)

vậy :\(A\equiv2020^3mod3\equiv1mod3\) vậy A chia 3 dư 1

a) D = 9 + 9² + 9³ + ... + 9²⁰²⁰

9D = 9² + 9³ + 9⁴ + ... + 9²⁰²¹

8D = 9D - D

= (9² + 9³ + 9⁴ + ... + 9²⁰²¹) - (9 + 9² + 9³ + ... + 9²⁰²⁰)

= 9²⁰²¹ - 9

D = (9²⁰²¹ - 9) : 8

b) Điều kiện: n ∈ ℕ và n ≠ 1

Do 125 chia n dư 5 nên n là ước của 125 - 5 = 120

Do 85 chia n dư 1 nên n là ước của 85 - 1 = 84

⇒ n ∈ ƯC(120; 84)

Ta có:

120 = 2³.3.5

84 = 2².3.7

⇒ ƯCLN(120; 84) = 2².3 = 12

⇒ n ∈ ƯC(120; 84) = Ư(12) = {2; 3; 4; 6; 12}

Vậy n ∈ {2; 3; 4; 6; 12}

cíu

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