a)

\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2+4\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\frac{1}{2a\sqrt{a}}\)

\(=\frac{a+2\sqrt{a}+1-a+2\sqrt{a}-1+4a\sqrt{a}-4\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\frac{1}{2a\sqrt{a}}\)

\(=\frac{4a\sqrt{a}}{a-1}.\frac{1}{2a\sqrt{a}}=\frac{2}{a-1}\)

b) \(\frac{2}{a-1}=a\Rightarrow a^2-a-2=0\)

Ta có: 1+1+(-2)=0, nên pt có 2 nghiệm a₁=-1<0 (không thỏa mãn đk)=> loại

a₂=2(thỏa mãn đk)=> chọn

Vậy a=2 thì P=a

\(đkxđ\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne1\end{cases}}\)

\(A=\)\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\)\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a}}{2\sqrt{a}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\)\(\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{a-1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{\left(2\sqrt{a}\right)^2}\left(\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}+1-a-2\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2.-4\sqrt{a}}{4a\left(a-1\right)}=\frac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}}\)

\(b,A< 0\Rightarrow\frac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}}< 0\)

Mà \(\sqrt{a}\ge0\Rightarrow a-1\le0\Rightarrow a\le1\)

\(A=2\Rightarrow\frac{a-1}{\sqrt{a}}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow a-1=2\sqrt{a}\Rightarrow a-2\sqrt{a}-1=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a-2\sqrt{a}+1-2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2-\sqrt{2}^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-1-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1+\sqrt{2}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}=1+\sqrt{2}\\\sqrt{a}=1-\sqrt{2}\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2=3+2\sqrt{2}\\a=\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)^2=3-2\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{a-1}{2\sqrt{a}}\right)^2\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{4a}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{4a}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1+\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1-\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{a-1}\)

\(=\frac{a-1}{4a}.\frac{2\sqrt{a}.\left(-2\right)}{1}\)

\(=\frac{a-1}{4a}.\frac{-4\sqrt{a}.}{1}\)

\(=\frac{1-a}{\sqrt{a}}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}}{a^{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)+\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}}=\dfrac{a}{a^{\sqrt{5}-1+3-\sqrt{5}}}=\dfrac{a}{a^2}=\dfrac{1}{a}\)

\(A=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\sqrt{a}}:\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\sqrt{a}}:\frac{a-1-\left(a-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\sqrt{a}}:\frac{3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\sqrt{a}}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{3}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{3\sqrt{a}}\)

\(A=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right):\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right).\)

\(A=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}:\frac{a-1-a+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)

\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}.\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\)

\(A=\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}}\)