ENGLISH AROUND THE WORLD

English is the first language of many people in countries outside the United Kingdom. When you (1)______ speakers of English from around the world, you (2)______ notice that they do not all speak in the same way. There are also some (3)______ in the words they use, including the names of (4)______ objects that are part of everyone’s daily life. But although pronunciation and (5)______ are not the same everywhere, it is interesting that English speakers (6)______ opposite sides of the world can understand (7)______ other quite easily. It does not seem to (8)______ where they learnt the language. And of course this is one reason why speakers of other languages are keen (9)______ learning English too. If you know English, you are more (10)______ to be able to study or work in all sorts of exciting places, such as the United States or Australia.

*VIII. Read and find a suitable word to fill in each numbered blank to complete the following passage

JACK LONDON

Jack London (1876 – 1916) is an American writer whose work combined powerful realism and humanitarian sentiment. He was (1) ………......... in San Francisco. After finishing grammar (2) ………..........., Jack London worked at various jobs and in 1897 and 1898 he participated (3)....................... the Alaska Gold Rush. Upon his return to the San Francisco area, he began to (4) ......................... about his experiences. A collection of his short stories, The Son of the Golf, was (5) ..................... in 1900. Jack’s colourful life, during which he wrote more than 50 books and which included enormous popular successes (6) ……...............an orator, ended in his suicide at the (7) ........................ of 40. Many of his stories including his masterpiece The Call of the Wild deal with the reversion of a civilized creature to the primitive state. Jack London’s style – brutal, vivid and exciting  (8) ……….…......... him enormously popular outside the United States; His (9) ……….…....... were translated into many languages. Jack’s important works include People of the Abyss about the poor in London; the Sea Wolf, a novel based on the author’s experiences on a seal hunting ship; John Barleycorn , an autobiographical novel about Jack’s struggle (10)...............................  alcoholism.

*IX. Read the passage and choose A, B, C, D for each of the following questions.

            At birth, the infant has only the most elementary emotional life. Newborns show an expression of disgust, for example, in response to strong tastes and show surprise in reaction to sudden changes. They also show interest, which developmental psychologists consider an emotion in its own right.

            By 10 months, infants display   the full range of what are considered the basic emotions: joy, anger, sadness, disgust, surprise and fear. The emergence of these basic emotions during the first years or two of life seems to be programmed by biological clock for brain development. As the appropriate brain maturation occurs, the various emotions appear in an infant’s repertory. For example, studies of brain activities in ten-month-olds show that the right frontal regions are more active during positive emotions and the left during negative emotions.

1.     Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as an emotion displayed by a new born?

A. disgust              B. interest                   C. surprise                  D. fear

2. The phrase “in its own right” is closest in meaning to which of the following?

A. legally              B. in fact                     C. in itself                   D. on the other hand

3. In the second paragraph, the author uses the analogy of a clock to emphasize which of the following generalizations about infant’s emotional behavior? It …………………………………….

A. emerges rapidly                                   B. has a complex pattern

C. develops with predictable regularity   D. may change from one minute to the next

4. Which of the following statements about ten-month-old infants is best supported by the passage?

A. Their various emotional responses are difficult to discriminate

B. Their emotional range is wider than that of newborns.

C. Their behavior is affected only by positive emotions.

D. Their brain activity is greater when they are happy.

5. The ideas in the passage are divided into 2 paragraphs in order to contrast

A. emotional development                       B. two areas of the brain involved in emotional development

C. the development of two emotional in infants.

X. Rewrite the sentences as directed without changing the original meaning.

1. She started learning English 10 years ago. à She has ...................................... .................................................
2. I haven't seen that man here before.à This ..................................... ...................................................................
3- He ran so quickly that I couldn’d catch him. Ò He was such …………………………………................…..

4- It’s a pity I don’t know how to do it .Ò If only ………………………………………………......................….

5- These shoes will have to be repaired. Ò They will ………………………………….….................…………

6. His parents made him study for his exam. à  He was made ..............................................................................

7. I don’t really want to go to the museum. à I’d rather......................................................................................

8. Nobody finished their exercises on time.à Their exercises ..........................................................................

*9. We should go home right now.àIt’s......................................................................................................... 

10. Mary doesn't speak English so well as Jane.à Jane   .........................................................................................  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

     English is the first language of many people in countries outside the United Kingdom. When you meet speakers of English from around the world, you immediately notice that they do not speak in the same way. There are also some (23) …………… in the words they use, including the names of (24) …………… objects that are part of everyone's daily life. Although pronunciation and (25) …………… are not the same everywhere, it is interesting that English speakers (26) ……………. opposite sides of the world can understand each other quite easily. It does not seem to matter where they learnt the language. And of course, this is one reason why speakers of other languages are keen on learning English too. If you know English, you are more (27) ……………… to be able to study or work in all sorts of exciting places, such as the United States or Australia.

23. A. mistakes                        B. corrections       C. changes              D. differences

24. A. common                        B. popular             C. favourite                        D. general

25. A. reading              B. composition                 C. dictation             D. vocabulary

26. A. of                      B. in                      C. from                   D. at

27. A. likely                 B. probably           C. possibly              D. luckily

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Are Sports Bad for Kids?

     People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children stay healthy while playing with others. However, playing sports can have negative effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-esteem or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40 million kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18 million say they have been yelled at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad impression of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.

     Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main cause of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children copy aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further reinforced through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. At children’s sporting events, parents may yell insults at other players or cheer when their child behaves aggressively. As well, children may be taught that hurting other players is acceptable, or they may be pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. In addition, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.

     As a society, we really need to face up to this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better values. They should teach children to enjoy themselves whether they win or not. It is not necessary to knock yourself out to enjoy sports. Winning is not everything. In addition, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. Sending a child with an injury into a game gives the child the message that health is not as important as winning. If we make some basic changes, children might learn to enjoy sports again.

28. What is the main idea of the reading?

     A. Children often become like their parents.

     B. Children need to play sports in school.

     C. Playing sports may have negative results.

     D. Some sports can cause health problems.

29. How many children said they had some negative experience when playing sports?

     A. All of the children                      B. More than half of the children

     C. Less than half of the children     D. About ten percent of the children

30. Which is described as the main cause of more aggressive playing?

     A. Adults                                        B. Children with low grades in school

     C. New rules in sports                     D. Other players

31. What does the writer suggest?

     A. Aggressive sports should not be shown on television.

     B. Children should not play sports until high school.

     C. Coaches should be required to study child psychology.

     D. Parents should teach children to play sports for fun and exercise.

32. What would probably NOT be done when “facing up to a problem”?

     A. Ignoring the problem                              B. Finding the reason

     C. Admitting there is a problem                  D. Looking for a solution

I. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the suitable words.

The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either first or second language .................... (1) many countries.

During the 16^th century, only about two million people spoke English. All .................... (2) them lived in what is now the United Kingdom. Over the centuries, as a result of various historical events, English has spread throughout .................... (3) world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native .................... (4). Most of them live in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, .................... (5) the Unites States.

About 100 million people, chiefly living in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and in many African .................... (6), speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people in the world probably know .................... (7) least some English. English is really an international language.

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the suitable words.

The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is usedas either first or second language ……………….. (1) many countries.

During the 16th century, only about two million people spoke English. All ……………….. (2) them lived in what is now the United Kingdom. Over the centuries,as a result of various historical events, English has spread throughout ……………….. (3)world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native ………………..  (4). Most of them live in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, NewZealand, South Africa, ……………….. (5) the Unites States.

About 100 million people, chiefly living in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and inmany African ……………….. (6), speak English in addition to their own language. Anadditional 200 million people in the world probably know ……………….. (7) leastsome English. English is really an international language.v

The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either first or second language .................... (1) many countries.

During the 16^th century, only about two million people spoke English. All .................... (2) them lived in what is now the United Kingdom. Over the centuries, as a result of various historical events, English has spread throughout .................... (3) world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native .................... (4). Most of them live in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, .................... (5) the Unites States.

About 100 million people, chiefly living in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and in many African .................... (6), speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people in the world probably know .................... (7) least some English. English is really an international language.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

    Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to become the dominant language of international communication. English as we know it today emerged around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that were introduced following the Norman invasion of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England and had not extended even as far as two centuries, English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization, and missionary work. Thus, small enclaves of English speakers became established and grew in various parts of the world. As these communities proliferated, English gradually became the primary language of international business, banking and diplomacy.

   Currently, about 80 percent of the information stored on computer systems worldwide is English. Two thirds of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main language of technology, advertising, media, international airports, and air traffic controllers. Today there are more than 700 million English users in the world, and over half of these are nonnative speakers, constituting the largest number of non-native users than any other language in the world..

Question: In the first paragraph, the word “emerged” is closest in meaning to____.

A. appeared

B. disappeared

C. frequented

D. engaged

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

    Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to become the dominant language of international communication. English as we know it today emerged around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that were introduced following the Norman invasion of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England and had not extended even as far as two centuries, English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization, and missionary work. Thus, small enclaves of English speakers became established and grew in various parts of the world. As these communities proliferated, English gradually became the primary language of international business, banking and diplomacy.

   Currently, about 80 percent of the information stored on computer systems worldwide is English. Two thirds of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main language of technology, advertising, media, international airports, and air traffic controllers. Today there are more than 700 million English users in the world, and over half of these are nonnative speakers, constituting the largest number of non-native users than any other language in the world..

Question: In the first paragraph, the word “elements” is closest in meaning to____.

A. declaration

B. features

C. curiosities

D. customs

II.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the suitable words.

The English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is usedas either first or second language ……………….. (1) many countries.

During the 16th century, only about two million people spoke English. All ……………….. (2) them lived in what is now the United Kingdom. Over the centuries,as a result of various historical events, English has spread throughout ……………….. (3)world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native ………………..  (4). Most of them live in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, NewZealand, South Africa, ……………….. (5) the Unites States.

About 100 million people, chiefly living in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and inmany African ……………….. (6), speak English in addition to their own language. Anadditional 200 million people in the world probably know ……………….. (7) leastsome English. English is really an international language.