cái thứ nhất -3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)

cái thứ hai 0

cái thứ 2 bằng (c+b+a). (a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-ca)

M = (a + b + c)³ - a³ - b³ - c³

= (a + b)³ + c³ + 3(a + b)²c + 3(a + b)c² - a³ - b³ - c³

= a³ + b³ + c³ + 3a²b + 3ab² + 3(a + b)c(a + b + c) - a³ - b³ - c³

= 3ab (a + b) + 3c(a + b)(a + b + c)

= 3(a + b)[ab + c(a + b + c)]

= 3(a + b)(ab + bc + ac + c²)

= 3(a + b)[b(a + c) + c(a + c)]

= 3(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)

N = a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc

= (a + b)³ + c³ - 3ab(a + b) - 3abc

= (a + b + c)³ - 3(a + b)c(a + b + c) - 3ab(a + b + c)

= (a + b + c)[(a + b + c)² - 3(a + b)c - 3ab]

= (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca - 2ac - 3bc - 3ab)

= (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² - ab - bc - ca)

Đặt A là tên biểu thức; \(a+b-c=x;b+c-a=y;c+a-b=z\)

Khi đó \(x+y+z=a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b=a+b+c\)

=>\(A=\left(x+y+z\right)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3=\left[\left(x+y\right)+z\right]^3-x^3-y^3-z^3\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\)

\(=x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3+3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-x^3-y^3-z^3\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+xz+yz+z^2\right)\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(y+z\right)\right]=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)

\(=3\left(a+b-c+b+c-a\right)\left(b+c-a+c+a-b\right)\left(c+a-b+a+b-c\right)\)

\(=3.2b.2c.2a=24abc\)

A = ( a + b + c )³ +  ( a - b - c )³ + ( b - c - a )³ + ( c - a - b )³

= [ ( a + b ) + c ]³ + [ ( a - b ) - c ]³ + [ ( - c ) - ( a - b ) ] ³ + [ c - ( a + b ) ]³

= ( a + b )³ + 3.( a + b )².c +  3.( a + b ).c² + c³ + ( a - b )³ - 3.( a - b )².c + 3.( a - b ).c² - c³ + ( - c³ ) + 3.( a - b )².c - 3.( a - b ).c² -(a- b)³

+ c³ + 3.( a + b )².c - 3.( a + b ).c² - ( a + b )³

= 6.( a + b )² .c 

ta có : 

\(a^3+c^3=\left(a+c\right)^3-3ac\left(a+c\right)\)

nên \(a^3+c^3-b^3+3abc=\left(a+c\right)^3-b^3-3ac\left(a+c-b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+c-b\right)\left[\left(a+c\right)^2+b\left(a+c\right)+b^2-3ac\right]=\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc-ac\right)\)

b. tương tự ta có :

\(a^3-b^3-c^3-3abc=a^3-\left(b+c\right)^3+3bc\left(b+c-a\right)\)

\(=\left(a-b-c\right)\left[a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)^2-3bc\right]=\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+ac-bc\right)\)

c. ta có : \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3=\left(x-z+z-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)

\(=\left(x-z\right)^3+3\left(x-z\right)\left(z-y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(z-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3\)

\(=3\left(x-z\right)\left(z-y\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

2: =abc-bc-ab-ac+a+b+c-1

=bc(a-1)-ab+b-ac+c+a-1

=bc(a-1)-b(a-1)-c(a-1)+(a-1)

=(a-1)(bc-b-c+1)

=(a-1)(b-1)(c-1)

(a+b+c)3−a3−b3−c3(a+b+c)3−a3−b3−c3

=a3+3a2(b+c)+3a(b+c)2+(b+c)3−a3−b3−c3=a3+3a2(b+c)+3a(b+c)2+(b+c)3−a3−b3−c3

=3(b+c)(a2+ab+ac)+b3+3b2c+3bc2+c3−b3−c3=3(b+c)(a2+ab+ac)+b3+3b2c+3bc2+c3−b3−c3

=3(b+c)(a2+ab+ac+bc)=3(b+c)(a2+ab+ac+bc)

=3(b+c)[a(a+b)+c(a+b)]=3(b+c)[a(a+b)+c(a+b)]

=3(b+c)(a+b)(a+c)