MAHATMA GANDHI

Mohandas Gandhi (known as Mahatma - or “Great Soul’ - Gandhi) was one of the greatest figures of the 20th century. Gandhi was the man who (33) ……….. India on the path to independence from British rule. He (34) ……….. freedom for his country through actions which were always based on the ideas of non-violence and peace.

Gandhi was born in India on 2 October 1869. He (35) ……….. his childhood in India and at he went to study law in England. At the age of 23, Gandhi got a one-year contract to do legal (36) ……….. in South Africa. In South Africa, Gandhi was shocked to see how badly Indian people were treated. Gandhi believed that the best (37) ………..to achieve political and social change was peaceful protest. He always remained true to the ideas of non-violence, even in the most extreme situations.

Gandhi eventually returned to India after 21 years in South Africa. When he got back home, Gandhi saw how bad life was for people in India so he began to fight for improved  rights there too. He was especially (38) ……….. with improving the life of India’s lower classes. Gandhi soon became the leader in the movement to free India from the rule of the British, and he (39) ……….. . In 1947. the British granted India its independence. Tragically, six months after India gained independence, Gandhi was assassinated. He was 78 years old.

Today, Gandhi is loved and admired by millions of people (40) ……….. the world. The people of India (41) ……….. him as the father of their nation and his birthday is a(n) (42) ……….. holiday.

33. A. led                         B. managed              C. ran                        D. directed

34. A. won                       B. gained                  C. earned                  D. found

35. A. took                       B. held                      C. spent                    D. finished

36. A. vocation                B. employment       C. job                        D. work

37. A. way                        B. manner                 C. direction              D. aspect

38. A. interested             B. worried                C. concerned            D. eager

39. A. gained                   B. achieved              C. managed             D. succeeded

40. A. throughout           B. through                C. during                  D. cross

41. A. observe                 B. look                      C. regard                  D. think

42.       A. international        B. national     C. local           D. internal

II. Read the text and choose the best options to answer the following questions.
This is a story that Charlie Chaplin liked to tell about himself. It happened after the great actor had become internationally famous. A theater announced that a competition would be held to see who could act like Charlie Chaplin. Those taking part in it had to dress like Chaplin, walk like Chaplin and act one of the roles in a Charlie’s film.
When Charlie Chaplin heard about the competition, he decided to take part in the competition himself. Naturally he kept his plan a secret from everybody. When the results of the comptition were announced, Charlie said: “ I didn’t know whether to feel angry or only surprised. I didn’t win the first prize. But after thinking about it, I decided that it would be best to laugh”.
11. This is a story which ____________
A. was told by his friends. B. happened even he was not famous yet.
C. Charlie was fond of telling. D. was announced at the competition.
12. People who took part in the competition had to _______________
A. imitate Chaplin’s walking, dressing and acting.
B. keep a secret from other people.
C. sing a song.
D. be a great actor.
13. Charlin did not ________________________
A. take part in the competition. B. allow this competition to be held.
C. like a competition. D. tell anybody about his plan.
14. When the results of the comptition were announced _________
A. he was very surprised and angry.
B. he learnt that he had won the first prize.
C. he learnt that somebody else had won the first prize.
D. he learnt that his new film was a success.
15. When he learnt the news he decided ________
A. to keep a secret B. to laugh
C. to be angry D. not to take part in such a competition

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

Martin Luther King, Jf., is well- known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among which is his moving “ I have a dream” speech. But fewer people know much about King’s childhood. M.L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.’s grandfather purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L was born. His grandfather allowed the house to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in the atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it. 

M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventfully. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a huge barrier keeping black Atlantans from mingling with whites.

M.L. was _______ by the atmosphere in which he grew up

A. not affected at all 

B. doubted 

C. certainly influenced

D. prejudiced

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from .

           Martin Luther King, Jf., is well- known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among which is his moving “ I have a dream” speech. But fewer people know much about King’s childhood. M.L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.’s grandfather purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L was born. His grandfather allowed the house to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in the atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.

          M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventfully. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a huge barrier keeping black Atlantans from mingling with whites.

M.L. was _______ by the atmosphere in which he grew up.'

A. not affected at all

B. doubted

C. certainly influenced

D. prejudiced

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

Martin Luther King, Jf., is well- known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among which is his moving “ I have a dream” speech. But fewer people know much about King’s childhood. M.L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.’s grandfather purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L was born. His grandfather allowed the house to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in the atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.

M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventfully. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a huge barrier keeping black Atlantans from mingling with whites.

M.L. was _______ by the atmosphere in which he grew up.

A. not affected at all

B. doubted 

C. certainly influenced 

D. prejudiced

D. WRITING

I. Make complete sentences from the words given. (2 pts)

1. Mary/ I/ not/ stay/ with her/ last week.

____________________________________________________________

2. He/ sing/ a song/ well/ last night.

____________________________________________________________

3. She/ not/ read/ your letter/ carefully/ last.

____________________________________________________________

4. The party/ be/ bad/ I/ not/ enjoy/ myself/ so much.

____________________________________________________________

E. READING

Read the passage and the answer the questions. (2 pts)

During the weekend I traveled by air for the first time in my life. I generally travel by train or bus. It is both cheaper and safe. But this was a short journey. At the beginning, I did not feel very happy. This feeling did not last long. The trip was very exciting. I was soon high up in the sky among the clouds. The view of mountains, fields and rivers was interesting and unusual. I enjoyed my short and comfortable journey very much.

Questions:

1. When did you first travel by air?

_____________________________________________________________

2. How do you generally travel?

_____________________________________________________________

3. Did this feeling soon pass or not?

_____________________________________________________________

4. How do you enjoy the journey?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them each on a quest, in turn, to go and look at a pear tree that was a great distance away. The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall. When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen.

The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no – it was covered with green buds and full of promise. The third son disagreed, he said it was laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most graceful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them; he said it was ripe and drooping with fruit, full of life and fulfilment.

The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but one season in the tree’s life. He told them that you cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, and that the essence of who they are – and the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life – can only be measured at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give up when it’s winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfilment of your fall.

Don’t judge a life by one difficult season. Don’t let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.

(source: https://www.beliefnet.com)

According to the paragraph 2, what did the second son see in his turn?

A.The tree was gloomy, withered and crooked.

B.The tree was in buds and teeming with vigor.

C.The tree was blossoming and gave off a sweet scent.

D.The tree was bountifully fruitful, brimming with life force.

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Most of the fastening devices used in clothing today, like the shoelace, the button, and the safely pin. have existed in some form in various cultures for thousands of years. But the zipper was the brainchild of one American inventor, namely Whitcomb Judson of Chicago. At the end of the 19th century. Judson was already a successful inventor, with a dozen patents to his credit for mechanical items such as improvements to motors and railroad braking system.

He then turned his mind to create a replacement for the lengthy shoelaces which were then used in both men’s and women's boots. On August 29th 1893, he won another patent, for what he called the case “locker”. Though the model was somewhat clumsy, and frequently jammed, it did work: in fact, Judson and his business associate Lewis Walker had sewn the device into their own boots. Although Judson displayed his clasp–locker at the World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893, the public largely ignored it. The company founded by Judson and Walker, Universal Fastener, despite further refinements, never really succeeded in marketing the device.

The earliest zip fasteners were being used in the clothing industry by 1905, but it was only in 1913, after a Swedish–American engineer, Gideon Sundbach, had remodeled Judson's fastener into a more streamlined and reliable form, that the zipper was a success. The US Army applied zippers to the clothing and equipment of the troops of World War I. By the late 1920s, zippers could be found in all kinds of clothing, footwear, and carrying cases; by the mid–1930s, zippers had even been embraced by the fashion industry.

The term “zipper" was coined as onomatopoeia (resembling the sound it makes) by B.F. Goodrich whose company started marketing rubber shoes featuring the fastener in 1923. Regrettably. Whitcomb Judson died in 1909, and never heard the term, or saw the success by which his invention would become popular.

According to the passage, zippers did not really become a success until _____

A. they were used in the apparel industry after 1905

B. the Army used them in World War I

C. in 1913 after being remodeled

D. be the late 1920s

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them each on a quest, in turn, to go and look at a pear tree that was a great distance away. The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall. When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen.

The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no – it was covered with green buds and full of promise. The third son disagreed, he said it was laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most graceful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them; he said it was ripe and drooping with fruit, full of life and fulfilment.

The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but one season in the tree’s life. He told them that you cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, and that the essence of who they are – and the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life – can only be measured at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give up when it’s winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfilment of your fall.

Don’t judge a life by one difficult season. Don’t let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.

(source: https://www.beliefnet.com)

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. The Seasons of Life 

B. The Observation of a Tree

C. Father and Four Sons 

D. Love all the Seasons in a Year