a) Giải:

Đặt \(A_n=11^{n+2}+12^{2n+1}\)\((*)\) Với \(n=0\) ta có:

\(A_0=11^2+12^1=133\) \(⋮133\Rightarrow\) \((*)\) đúng

Giả sử \((*)\) đúng đến giá trị \(k=n\) tức là:

\(B_k=11^{k+2}+12^{2k+1}\) \(⋮133\left(1\right)\)

Xét \(B_{k+1}-B_k\)

\(=11^{k+1+2}+12^{2\left(k+1\right)+1}-\left(11^{k+2}+12^{2k+1}\right)\)

\(=11^{k+3}-11^{k+2}+12^{2k+3}-12^{2k+1}\)

\(=10.11^{k+2}+143.12^{2k+1}\)

\(=10.121.11^k+143.12.144^k\)

\(\equiv\) \(10.121.11^k+10.12.11^k\)

\(\equiv\) \(10.11^k\left(121+12\right)\) \(\equiv\) \(0\left(mod133\right)\)

Theo giả thiết quy nạy \(\left(1\right)\) ta có: \(B_k⋮133\Leftrightarrow B_{k+1}⋮133\)

Hay \((*)\) đúng với \(n=k+1\) \(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm

Trả lời ngắn tí như ri này:

Ta có:\(3.25^n.5\) =\(15.25^n\) \(\equiv15.8^n\left(mod17\right)\) .

\(2^{3n+1}=8^n.2\left(mod17\right)\) .

\(\Rightarrow3.5^{2n+1}+2^{3n+1}\equiv15.8^n+2.8^n\left(mod17\right)\) .

\(=17.8^n\) chia hết cho 17 \(\forall\) so nguyên n.

\(3\cdot5^{2n+1}+2^{3n+1}=3\cdot5^{2n}\cdot5+2^{3n}\cdot2=15\cdot25^n+8^n\cdot2\)

\(=\left(17-2\right)\cdot25^n+8^n\cdot2=17\cdot25^n-2\cdot25^n+8^n\cdot2=17\cdot25^n-2\left(25^n-8^n\right)\)

\(=17\cdot25^n-2\left(25-8\right)\left(25^{n-1}+25^{n-2}\cdot8+25^{n-3}\cdot8^2+...+8^{n-1}\right)\)

\(=17\cdot25^n-34\left(25^{n-1}+25^{n-2}\cdot8+25^{n-3}\cdot8^2+...+8^{n-1}\right)\)

vì 17 chia hết cho 17 nên 17*25^n chia hết cho 17(1)

vì 34 chia hts cho 17 nên 34(25^n-1+25^n-2*8+25^n-3*8^2+...+8^n-1) chia hết cho 17

\(\Rightarrow17\cdot25^n-34\left(25^{n-1}+25^{n-2}\cdot8+25^{n-3}\cdot8^2+...+8^{n-1}\right)\)chia hết cho 17

\(\Rightarrow3\cdot5^{2n+1}+2^{3n+1}\)chia hết cho 17 (đpcm)

Đặt \(A=11\cdot5^{2n}+2^{3n+2}+2^{3n+1}\)

\(A=11\cdot25^n+8^n\cdot4+8^n\cdot2\)

\(A=17\cdot25^2-6\left(25^n-8^n\right)\)

\(A=17\cdot25^n-6\left(25-8\right)\left(25^{n-1}+25^{n-2}\cdot8+..........+8^{n-2}\cdot25+8^{n-1}\right)\)\(A=17\cdot25^n-17\cdot6\cdot\left(25^{n-1}+25^{n-2}\cdot8+..........+8^{n-2}\cdot25+8^{n-1}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow A⋮17\)

\(A=\left(n^2+3n+2\right)\left(2n-1\right)-2\left(n^3-2n-1\right)\)

\(A=2n^3+6n^2+4n-n^2-3n-2-2n^3+4n+2\)

\(A=5n^2+5n\)

\(A=5n\left(n+1\right)\)

\(\text{Vì 5⋮5 nên 5n(n+1)⋮5}\)(1)

\(\text{Vì n;n+1 là hai số tự nhiên liên tiếp nên n(n+1)⋮2}\)

\(\Rightarrow5n\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)(2)

\(\text{Từ (1) và (2)}\Rightarrow5n\left(n+1\right)⋮10\text{ vì (2,5)=1}\)

\(\text{Vậy A⋮10}\)

Giải:

Ta có:

\(3^{4n+2}=9.9^{2n}=\) \(9.\left(17-8\right)^{2n}=17k+9.64^n\)

\(2.4^{3n+1}=8.64^n\)

\(\Rightarrow3^{4n+2}+2.4^{3n+1}=17k+17.64^n\)

\(=17\left(k+64^n\right)⋮17\forall x\in N\) (Đpcm)

Từ đề bài ta có A= 3ⁿ⁺¹ (3² + 1) + 2ⁿ⁺¹ (2 +1) = 3ⁿ .3.2.5 + 2ⁿ .2.3

=> ĐPCM;

A = 3 n + 3 + 3 n + 1 + 2 n + 2 + 2 n + 1 = 3 n . 27 + 3 + 2 n + 1 . 4 + 2 = 3 n .30 + 2 n .6 = 6. 3 n .5 + 2 n ⋮ 6