N=2x²-2x+4xy-6y+10y²+2015

N=(x²+9y²+1+6xy-6y-2x)+(x²-2xy+y²)+2014

N=( x+3y-1)²+( x-y)² +2014 \(\ge\) 2014

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x-y=0 và x+3y-1 =0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x=y

\(\Leftrightarrow\) y+3y=1 \(\Leftrightarrow\) x=y=\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Vậy.........

Khó quá do thi phuong nhung

    \(2x^2-4xy+8y^2+7x+6y-15.\)

=  \(x^2+x^2-4xy+4y^2+4y^2+7x+6y-15\)   

=  \(\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left[x^2+7x+\left(\frac{7}{2}\right)^2\right]+\left[4y^2+6y+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\right]-\left(\frac{7}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-15\)

=  \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{59}{2}\)

Vì \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)

=> \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{59}{2}\ge0-\frac{59}{2}\forall x;y\)

=> \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2+\left(2y+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{59}{2}\ge-\frac{59}{2}\)

Vậy GTNN của bt là  \(\frac{-59}{2}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2y=0\\x+\frac{7}{2}=0\\2y+\frac{3}{2}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2y\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{7}{4}\\y=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\\x=-\frac{7}{2}\\y=-\frac{3}{4}\end{cases}}\)

a) \(M=10x^2+6y+4y^2+4xy+2\)

\(=\left(10x^2+4xy+\dfrac{2}{5}y^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{18}{5}y^2+6y+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=10\left(x^2+\dfrac{2}{5}xy+\dfrac{1}{25}y^2\right)+\dfrac{18}{5}\left(y^2+\dfrac{5}{3}y+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(=10\left(x+\dfrac{1}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{18}{5}\left(y+\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{2}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{5}y=0\\y+\dfrac{5}{6}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{6}\\y=-\dfrac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(H=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-8\)

\(=-x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)-\left(3y^2-12y+7\right)\)

\(=-x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)-\left(y+1\right)^2-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+5\)

\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+5\le5\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(K=2x^2+2xy-2x+2xy+y^2\)

bn xem lại cái đề nhé, sao lại có 2 lần 2xy

Lời giải:

a) \(A=x^2+2y^2-2xy+2x-10y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=(x-y+1)^2+(y-4)^2-17\)

Ta thấy \((x-y+1)^2; (y-4)^2\geq 0\Rightarrow A\geq -17\)

Vậy \(A_{\min}=-17\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-y+1=0\\ y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3\\ y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

\(B=x^2+6y^2+14z^2-8yz+6xz-4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=(x-2y+3z)^2+2y^2+5z^2+4yz\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=(x-2y+3z)^2+2(y+z)^2+z^2\)

Ta thấy \((x-2y+3z)^2; (y+z)^2; z^2\geq 0\forall x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\geq 0\Leftrightarrow B_{\min}=0\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-2y+3z=0\\ y+z=0\\ z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\)

bài 1:= \(2x\left(x-3\right)-6\left(x-3\right)+2y\left(x-3\right)\)

         =\(2\left(x-3\right)\left(x+y-3\right)\)

bài 2:P=\(x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9+2\)

         P=\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)

vậy Pmin=2 khi x=1 và y=-3