a)

= 2 ( 1 + 2) + 2²(1 +2) +.........+ 2²⁰¹⁵91 +2)

= 3( 2 + 2² +........+ 2²⁰¹⁵) nên chia hết cho 3

b)

= 2( 1 + 2 + 2²) + 2³( 1 + 2 +2²) +......+ 2²⁰¹⁴( 1 + 2 +2²)

= 7( 2 + 2³ + .........+ 2²⁰¹⁴) nên chia hết cho 7

Bài 4:

Ta có:

M=1+7+7²+...+7⁸¹

M=(1+7+7²+7³)+(7⁴+7⁵+7⁶+7⁷)+...+(7⁷⁸+7⁷⁹+7⁸⁰+7⁸¹)

M=(1+7+7²+7³)+7⁴.(1+7+7²+7³)+...+7⁷⁸.(1+7+7²+7³)

M=400+7⁴.400+...+7⁷⁸.400

M=400.(1+7⁴+...+7⁷⁸)

\(\Rightarrow\)M=......0

Vậy chữ số tận cùng của M là chữ số 0

Bài 5:

a)Ta có:

M=1+2+2²+...+2²⁰⁶

M=(1+2+2²)+(2³+2⁴+2⁵)+...+(2²⁰⁴+2²⁰⁵+2²⁰⁶)

M=(1+2+2²)+2³.(1+2+2²)+...+2²⁰⁴.(1+2+2²)

M=7+2³.7+...+2²⁰⁴.7

M=7.(1+2³+...+2²⁰⁴)\(⋮\)7

Vậy M chia hết cho 7

c)Câu này đề có phải là M+1=2x ko?Nếu đúng thì giải như zầy nè:

Ta có:

      M=1+2+2²+...+2²⁰⁶

     2M=2+2²+2³+...+2²⁰⁷

 2M-M=(2+2²+2³+...+2²⁰⁷)-(1+2+2²+...+2²⁰⁶)

       M=2+2²+2³+...+2²⁰⁷-1-2-2²-...-2²⁰⁶

\(\Rightarrow\)M=2²⁰⁷-1

M+1=2²⁰⁷-1+1

M+1=2²⁰⁷

Ta có:

M+1=2x

2x=M+1

2x=2²⁰⁷

x=2²⁰⁷:2

x=\(\frac{2^{207}}{2}\)

Bài 6:

Ta có:

A=(1+3+3²)+(3³+3⁴+3⁵)+...+(3⁵⁷+3⁵⁸+3⁵⁹)

A=(1+3+3²)+3³.(1+3+3²)+...+3⁵⁷.(1+3+3²)

A=13+3³.13+...+3⁵⁷.13

A=13.(1+3³+..+3⁵⁷)\(⋮\)13

Vậy A chia hết cho 13

mk chỉ biết giải dc từng nấy câu thui. thông cảm cho mk nha

\(A=2+2^2+...+2^{59}+2^{60}\)

\(A=2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)

\(A=2\cdot3+...+2^{59}\cdot3\)

\(A=3\cdot\left(2+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\left(đpcm\right)\)

ĐPCM LÀ GÌ VẬY BẠN?

Số các số hạng của a là (60-1):1+1=60 số 

ta thấy

a=2+2²+2³+...+2⁶⁰

a=(2+2²)+(2³+2⁴)+...+(2⁵⁹+2⁶⁰)

a= 2*(1+2)+2³*(1+2)+...2⁵⁹*(1+2)

a=2*3+2³*3+...+2⁵⁹*3

a=2*(1+2³+...+2⁵⁹)\(⋮\)3

Vậy a\(⋮\)3

k mình nha 

chúc bn hok tốt

^- ^

\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\\ A=\left(2+1\right)\left(1+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)

a) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+\dots+2^{60}\)

\(2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+\dots+2^{61}\)

\(2A-A=\left(2^2+2^3+2^4+\dots+2^{61}\right)-\left(2+2^2+2^3+\dots+2^{60}\right)\)

\(A=2^{61}-2\)

Vậy: \(A=2^{61}-2\).

b)

+) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+\dots+2^{60}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6\right)+\dots+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)

\(=2\cdot\left(1+2\right)+2^3\cdot\left(1+2\right)+2^5\cdot\left(1+2\right)+\dots+2^{59}\cdot\left(1+2\right)\)

\(=2\cdot3+2^3\cdot3+2^5\cdot3+\dots+2^{59}\cdot3\)

\(=3\cdot\left(2+2^3+2^5+\dots+2^{59}\right)\)

Vì \(3\cdot\left(2+2^3+2^5+\dots+2^{59}\right)⋮3\) nên \(A⋮3\)

+) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+\dots+2^{60}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+\left(2^9+2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}\right)+\dots+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)

\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^5\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+2^9\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+\dots+2^{57}\cdot\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)

\(=2\cdot15+2^5\cdot15+2^9\cdot15+\dots+2^{57}\cdot15\)

\(=15\cdot\left(2+2^5+2^9+\dots+2^{57}\right)\)

Vì \(15⋮5\) nên \(15\cdot\left(2+2^5+2^9+\dots+2^{57}\right)⋮5\)

hay \(A\vdots5\)

+) \(A=2+2^2+2^3+\dots+2^{60}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+\left(2^7+2^8+2^9\right)+\dots+\left(2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)

\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^7\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+\dots+2^{58}\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)

\(=2\cdot7+2^4\cdot7+2^7\cdot7+\dots+2^{58}\cdot7\)

\(=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+2^7+\dots+2^{58}\right)\)

Vì \(7\cdot\left(2+2^4+2^7+\dots+2^{58}\right)⋮7\) nên \(A⋮7\)

$Toru$

a) �=2+22+23+⋯+260A=2+22+23+⋯+260

2�=22+23+24+⋯+2612A=22+23+24+⋯+261

2�−�=(22+23+24+⋯+261)−(2+22+23+⋯+260)2A−A=(22+23+24+⋯+261)−(2+22+23+⋯+260)

�=261−2A=261−2

Vậy: �=261−2A=261−2.

b)

+) �=2+22+23+⋯+260A=2+22+23+⋯+260

=(2+22)+(23+24)+(25+26)+⋯+(259+260)=(2+22)+(23+24)+(25+26)+⋯+(259+260)

=2⋅(1+2)+23⋅(1+2)+25⋅(1+2)+⋯+259⋅(1+2)=2⋅(1+2)+23⋅(1+2)+25⋅(1+2)+⋯+259⋅(1+2)

=2⋅3+23⋅3+25⋅3+⋯+259⋅3=2⋅3+23⋅3+25⋅3+⋯+259⋅3

=3⋅(2+23+25+⋯+259)=3⋅(2+23+25+⋯+259)

Vì 3⋅(2+23+25+⋯+259)⋮33⋅(2+23+25+⋯+259)⋮3 nên $A⋮3$

+) �=2+22+23+⋯+260A=2+22+23+⋯+260

=(2+22+23+24)+(25+26+27+28)+(29+210+211+212)+⋯+(257+258+259+260)=(2+22+23+24)+(25+26+27+28)+(29+210+211+212)+⋯+(257+258+259+260)

=2⋅(1+2+22+23)+25⋅(1+2+22+23)+29⋅(1+2+22+23)+⋯+257⋅(1+2+22+23)=2⋅(1+2+22+23)+25⋅(1+2+22+23)+29⋅(1+2+22+23)+⋯+257⋅(1+2+22+23)

=2⋅15+25⋅15+29⋅15+⋯+257⋅15=2⋅15+25⋅15+29⋅15+⋯+257⋅15

=15⋅(2+25+29+⋯+257)=15⋅(2+25+29+⋯+257)

Vì $15⋮5$ nên 15⋅(2+25+29+⋯+257)⋮515⋅(2+25+29+⋯+257)⋮5

hay $A⋮5$

+) �=2+22+23+⋯+260A=2+22+23+⋯+260

=(2+22+23)+(24+25+26)+(27+28+29)+⋯+(258+259+260)=(2+22+23)+(24+25+26)+(27+28+29)+⋯+(258+259+260)

=2⋅(1+2+22)+24⋅(1+2+22)+27⋅(1+2+22)+⋯+258⋅(1+2+22)=2⋅(1+2+22)+24⋅(1+2+22)+27⋅(1+2+22)+⋯+258⋅(1+2+22)

=2⋅7+24⋅7+27⋅7+⋯+258⋅7=2⋅7+24⋅7+27⋅7+⋯+258⋅7

=7⋅(2+24+27+⋯+258)=7⋅(2+24+27+⋯+258)

Vì 7⋅(2+24+27+⋯+258)⋮77⋅(2+24+27+⋯+258)⋮7 nên $A⋮7$