a, Xét : x-4 = 0 => x= 4

            2x+1 = 0 => x= \(\frac{1}{2}\)

            x+3 = 0 => x = -3

            x + 9 = 0 => x = -9

Khi đó ta có bảng xét dấu : 

=> có 5 trường hợp:

TH1 : \(x\le-9\)

TH2 : \(-9\le x< -3\)

TH3 : \(-3\le x< \frac{1}{2}\)

TH4 : \(\frac{1}{2}\le x< 4\)

Do đó :

TH1 : \(x\le-9\)

Ta có :  /x-4/ = -(x-4) = 4 - x

            /2x+1/ = -(2x+1) = -2x -1

           /x+3/   = -(x + 3 ) = -x - 3

          /x-9/ = -(x-9) = -x + 9                  Thay vào đề bài ta có:

                                               3.(4-x) + 2x-1 +5(-x - 3) -x-9 = 5

                                    => 12 - 3x + 2x - 1 + -5x - 15 - x - 9 = 5

                                    =>(12 - 1 - 15 -9 ) +(-3x +2x -5x -x) = 5

                                   => -13 - 7x                                        = 5

                                             7x                                =     -13 - 5

                                                 7x =      -18

                                              x = \(\frac{-18}{7}\)( Ko TM)

Tương tự với 4 trường hợp còn lại.

a) (x-2)³+6(x+1)²-x³+12=0

\(\Rightarrow\)x³-6x²+12x-8+6(x²+2x+1)-x³+12=0

\(\Rightarrow\)x³-6x²+12x-8+6x²+12x+6-x³+12=0

\(\Rightarrow\)24x+10=0

\(\Rightarrow\)24x=-10

\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(\dfrac{-10}{24}=\dfrac{-5}{12}\)

b)(x-5)(x+5)-(x+3)²+3(x-2)²=(x+1)²-(x-4)(x+4)+3x²

\(\Rightarrow\)x²-25-(x²+6x+9)+3(x²-4x+4)=x²+2x+1-(x²-16)+3x²

\(\Rightarrow\)x²​-25-x²-6x-9+3x²-12x+12=x²+2x+1-x²+16+3x²

\(\Rightarrow\)3x²-18x-22=3x²+2x+17

\(\Rightarrow\)3x²-18x-22-3x²-2x-17=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-20x-39=0

\(\Rightarrow\)-20x=39

\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(-\dfrac{39}{20}\)

c) (2x+3)² +(x-1)(x+1)=5(x+2)²-(x-5)(x+1)+(x+4)

⇒4x²+12x+9+x²-1=5(x²+4x+4)-(x²+x-5x-5)+x+4

⇒5x²+12x+8=5x²+20x+20-x²-x+5x+5+x+4

⇒5x²+12x+8-5x²-20x-20+x²+x-5x-5-x-4=0

⇒x²-13x-21=0

\(1,\left(3x+2\right)\left(5-x^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\5-x^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\-x^2=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=\pm\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{2}{3};-\sqrt{5};\sqrt{5}\right\}\)

\(2,-2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}x\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{12}x=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+\dfrac{1}{12}x=-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{23}{12}=\dfrac{3}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{9}{46}\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{9}{46}\right\}\)

\(3,\dfrac{1}{12}:\dfrac{4}{21}=3\dfrac{1}{2}:\left(3x-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{12}.\dfrac{21}{4}=\dfrac{7}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3x-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7}{16}=\dfrac{7}{6x-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-4=7:\dfrac{7}{16}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-4=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{10}{3}\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{10}{3}\right\}\)

\(4,\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{4}{5}\left(dk:x\ne-2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow5\left(x-1\right)=4\left(x+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow5x-5=4x+8\)

\(\Rightarrow x=13\left(tmdk\right)\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{13\right\}\)

anh yêu em jemmy girl

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