Most of the air pollution results from the burning of fossil fuels, motor vehicles, factories, aircraft and rockets. This can cause acid rain which damages water, soil, and vegetation. Air pollution also contributes to the greenhouse effect which can lead to a series of environmental problems such as global warming, polar ice melting, rise of sea levels and loss of land.

Water pollution is a result of dumping pollutants such as detergents, pesticides, oil, and other chemicals in rivers, which makes the water unclean or contaminated. Rubbish blockages in rivers can also cause pollution.

Soil pollution is a consequence of human activities that alter ecological factors that cross the ecological boundaries of the communities living in the soil. The land environment is home to human beings and most of the shallow creatures, the foundations for civil, industrial and cultural constructions. Land is a precious resource, people use land resources for agricultural production to ensure food supply for people. But with the pace of population growth and the pace of industrial development and urbanization, the area of ​​arable land is shrinking and land quality deteriorates, the average land area head drops. Parularly in Vietnam, the actual depletion of land resources is very worrying and serious.  What do we need to do to protect the environment? That is the question that every one of us needs to answer. In my opinion, protecting the environment is the responsibility of the whole community. Everyone must have a sense of protection. The green, clean, beautiful environment will make our lives better. From the house to the alley, from the alley to the school etc. The place is also clean and airy, many trees, air will be fresh, health will be guaranteed. That everyone wants. At present, I see my class, our school where the concentration of people, not very clean, garbage also lunged, trees are still less. On the street, there are public trash but few people put garbage in the bin, you do not throw it, making the street scene is not beautiful. To protect the environment, I feel we must always have a sense of environmental protection in parular: Do not throw garbage indiscriminately, do not discharge dirty water into ponds, do house cleaning, alleys, schools, not breaking flowers ... and propaganda for people always have common sense and responsibility for environmental protection.

giúp mk water or air thôi nhá bn, 

Learning vocabulary is a very important part of learning a language. The more words you know, the more you will be able to understand what you hear and read; and the better you will be able to say what you want to when speaking or writing.

Which words to learn

Every day you hear or read many new English words. You also find them in your dictionary when you are translating from your own language. You can’t possibly learn all these new words, so your first problem is to decide which ones to concentrate on. Here are some suggestions:

learn the words that are important to the subjects you are studying learn the words that you read or hear again and again learn the words that you know you will often want to use yourself do not learn words that are rare or not useful (your teacher can help you with this)

How to learn words

Once you have chosen which words to learn, you next have to decide how you are going to learn them. Here are a few ideas:

write the words in a notebook (with their translations or definitions) write the words and definitions on small cards
(advice on how to do this) say the words many times (if you have an electronic dictionary you can hear how the word is pronounced) put the words into different groups (you could use a graphic organiser) write them in a file for use with a computer program (such as Quizlet or the one on this site) make associations (in pictures or with other words) ask someone to test you use the words in your own speaking or writing

Some students put a tick or cross in their dictionary next to every word they look up. The next time they turn to a page with a marked word, they quickly check to see if they remember the meaning of that word.

In all of the above ways, you are doing something with the words. It’s usually not enough to just read through a list of words with their definitions or translations and try to remember them. Most students find that they memorise words better if they do something with them. Even better is to try and learn the word in a typical combination with other words. Learning that to apologizemeans to say sorry is a good start, but it's much better to learn a whole expression containing the word, e.g. He apologized for being late. Not only is this often easier to remember, but you are also learning some very important information on how the word is used.

Learning for vocabulary tests

The previous section on this page gives general advice on how to learn the words that you have chosen as important for you. Often, however, you will be given a set of words by your teacher and told to learn them for a vocabulary test. In this case you need to be sure exactly how you will be tested, because this will influence how you learn the words. There are several ways that the teacher might test your vocabulary learning, but the ways are broadly divided into two categories:

You will be given the word and have to: write a definition use it in an example sentence translate it into your language You will be given: a definition a gapped example sentence the translation in your language and you have to write the English word.

If you do a vocabulary test from the second group above, then in most cases you will need to learn the exact spelling of the word and will lose marks if you misspell it. As with all tests, be sure to ask the teacher exactly how you will be tested and exactly how you will be graded. You will then avoid wasting time studying something that you will be not be tested on.

Learning vocabulary by reading

The way you learned very many of the words in your own language was by meeting them in the books and magazines you read. The context of a new word in a sentence or story was often enough for you to guess the meaning. Meeting the word again and again in your reading helped you learn it for use in your own speaking and writing. Doing lots of extra reading for pleasure - both fiction and non-fiction - is an excellent way to learn new English words, too. But choose books that you find quite easy to read. Difficult stories or texts that you struggle to understand will not help you to develop your vocabulary the natural way. But remember: to learn new words from reading you have to read A LOT!

More on the importance of reading.

More information about learning words

The vocabulary you know can be divided into two groups - passive vocabulary and active vocabulary. Passive vocabulary contains all the words that you understand when you read or listen, but which you do not use (or cannot remember) in your own writing and speaking. Active vocabulary is all the words you understand, plus all the words that you can use yourself. Your active vocabulary, in English and your own language, is probably much smaller than your passive vocabulary.

The more you work on learning a word, as suggested above, the more likely it is that it will become part of your active vocabulary.

Things to know about the words you learn

Usually the first things you learn about a new English word are what it means and its translation in your own language. But there are other things you need to find out before you can say that you know a word like a native speaker does. For example, you have to learn:

how it is spelled how it is pronounced how it is inflected (i.e. how it changes if it is a verb, noun or adjective) other grammar information about it how it collocates (i.e. what other words are often used with it)
More on collocation if it has a particular style or register the context in which it is most likely to be used [ Types of Vocabulary ]

Native speakers learn these things about words by hearing them and reading them again and again. This is the best way for you to learn them, too.

Go to this site's vocabulary files

Read a Japanese translation of this page.

very day you hear or read many new English words. You also find them in your dictionary when you are translating from your own language. You can’t possibly learn all these new words, so your first problem is to decide which ones to concentrate on. Here are some suggestions:

learn the words that are important to the subjects you are studyinglearn the words that you read or hear again and againlearn the words that you know you will often want to use yourselfdo not learn words that are rare or not useful (your teacher can help you with this)

How to learn words

Once you have chosen which words to learn, you next have to decide how you are going to learn them. Here are a few ideas:

write the words in a notebook (with their translations or definitions)write the words and definitions on small cards 
(advice on how to do this)say the words many times (if you have an electronic dictionary you can hear how the word is pronounced)put the words into different groups (you could use a graphic organiser)write them in a file for use with a computer program (such as Quizlet or the one on this site)make associations (in pictures or with other words)ask someone to test youuse the words in your own speaking or writing

Some students put a k or cross in their dictionary next to every word they look up. The next time they turn to a page with a marked word, they quickly check to see if they remember the meaning of that word.

In all of the above ways, you are doing something with the words. It’s usually not enough to just read through a list of words with their definitions or translations and try to remember them. Most students find that they memorise words better if they do something with them. Even better is to try and learn the word in a typical combination with other words. Learning that to apologize means to say sorry is a good start, but it's much better to learn a whole expression containing the word, e.g. He apologized for being late. Not only is this often easier to remember, but you are also learning some very important information on how the word is used.

Learning for vocabulary tests

The previous section on this page gives general advice on how to learn the words that you have chosen as important for you. Often, however, you will be given a set of words by your teacher and told to learn them for a vocabulary test. In this case you need to be sure exactly how you will be tested, because this will influence how you learn the words. There are several ways that the teacher might test your vocabulary learning, but the ways are broadly divided into two categories:

You will be given the word and have to:write a definitionuse it in an example sentencetranslate it into your languageYou will be given:a definitiona gapped example sentencethe translation in your languageand you have to write the English word.

If you do a vocabulary test from the second group above, then in most cases you will need to learn the exact spelling of the word and will lose marks if you misspell it. As with all tests, be sure to ask the teacher exactly how you will be tested and exactly how you will be graded. You will then avoid wasting time studying something that you will be not be tested on.

Learning vocabulary by reading

The way you learned very many of the words in your own language was by meeting them in the books and magazines you read. The context of a new word in a sentence or story was often enough for you to guess the meaning. Meeting the word again and again in your reading helped you learn it for use in your own speaking and writing. Doing lots of extra reading for pleasure - both fiction and non-fiction - is an excellent way to learn new English words, too. But choose books that you find quite easy to read. Difficult stories or texts that you struggle to understand will not help you to develop your vocabulary the natural way. But remember: to learn new words from reading you have to read A LOT!

More on the importance of reading.

More information about learning words

The vocabulary you know can be divided into two groups - passive vocabulary and active vocabulary. Passive vocabulary contains all the words that you understand when you read or listen, but which you do not use (or cannot remember) in your own writing and speaking. Active vocabulary is all the words you understand, plus all the words that you can use yourself. Your active vocabulary, in English and your own language, is probably much smaller than your passive vocabulary.

The more you work on learning a word, as suggested above, the more ly it is that it will become part of your active vocabulary.

Things to know about the words you learn

Usually the first things you learn about a new English word are what it means and its translation in your own language. But there are other things you need to find out before you can say that you know a word a native speaker does. For example, you have to learn:

how it is spelledhow it is pronouncedhow it is inflected (i.e. how it changes if it is a verb, noun or adjective)other grammar information about ithow it collocates (i.e. what other words are often used with it)
More on collocationif it has a parular style or registerthe context in which it is most ly to be used [ Types of Vocabulary ]

Native speakers learn these things about words by hearing them and reading them again and again. This is the best way for you to learn them, too.

Go to this site's vocabulary files

Read a Japanese translation of this page.

 

"Most students find that they memorise words better if they do something with them. Even better is to try and learn the word in a typical combination with other words."

Making a mistake is a part of our life. So, if we don’t make mistakes, we’d never learn new things. The important thing is that everyone makes mistakes. But some people handle it very wisely and learn something useful from it, on the other hand, some people get angry and spoil everything, so it depends upon a person how he or she manages it.
So, according to my perception, mistakes are good but to some extent. Here I would like to talk about an error which I made.
Last year one of my friends arrange a party at Diwali festival for all my friends. I felt thrilled and excited because due to the busy schedule, my friends and I did not have time to meet each other, so it was the best time for all of us. My friend arranged a party at home with the help of his family, and he also requested all of us to reached on time for assistance. My house is located about the distance of one hour, so I arrived at his home first, he hands over the kitchen duty to me. My work was to check the food and complete the requirements of chefs. One of the chefs requested me to take care of the dessert, which he was preparing for fifteen minutes because he has to go out of the house for urgent work. I said yes and took over his seat for a few minutes but unfortunately, I forget about the dish because of playing the game on the phone, and the whole dessert burnt.

I got tensed what I did and now how I manage it because my all friends arrived at the home and the party was going to start. The chef came back after few minutes I apologized from him. I felt despondent because I spoil the whole dish. He was a lovely person, in spite to get angry he handled the situation very wisely and prepared another sweet meal I also helped him by arranging the ingredients from the market. So that was the time when I made a mistake.

We can learn many new things from our mistakes. Firstly, after making mistakes, we realize that not to repeat the same thing. Errors put pressure on a person’s mind, and he/she thinks more about new and better ways through which he could complete his work.