a, Ta có : 

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có : 

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=11;y=17;z=23\)

b, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow xyz=810\)

\(\Rightarrow2k.3k.5k=810\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=6;y=9;z=15\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2x-2}{4};\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9};\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{4+9-4}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-1}{2}=5\\\dfrac{y-2}{3}=5\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)

xyz = 810

=> 2k.3k.5k = 810

=> k = 3

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=9\\z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

nên \(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)

mà 2x+3y-z=50

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)

Do đó:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=10\\y-2=15\\z-3=20\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=23\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: xyz=810

\(\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k=2\cdot3=6\\y=3k=3\cdot3=6\\z=5k=5\cdot3=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}\left(1\right)\\ \frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1);(2) Suy ra \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tĩ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x}{18}=\frac{3y}{36}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+15}=\frac{6}{-3}=-2\)

Suy ra

x = (-2) . 9 = -18

y = (-2) . 12 = -24

z = (-2) . 15 = -30

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỷ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)

Suy ra 

x = 2 . 10 = 20

y = 2 . 6 = 12

z = 2 . 21 = 42

g)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=k\)

→ x=2k ; y= 3k ; z= 5k

Ta có    xyz=810

=> 2k . 3k .5k = 810

           30.k³    = 810

                k³     = 810 : 30

               k³      = 27

         => k = 3

Với k=3 Suy ra

x = 2 . 3 = 6

y = 3 . 3 = 9

z = 3 . 5 = 15

a/

\(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{2z}{42}\)\(=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)\(\Rightarrow x=20;y=12;z=42\)

b/\(3x=2y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3};7y=5z\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{15}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{x-y+z}{10-15+20}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=20;y=30;z=42\)

d) Đặt \(\frac{x}{2}=k\Rightarrow x=2k\); \(\frac{y}{3}=k\Rightarrow y=3k\); \(\frac{z}{5}=k\Rightarrow z=5k\)

Thay x=2k, y=3k, z=5k vào xyz=810 ta được:

\(2k.3k.5k=810\)

\(30k^3=810\)

\(k^3=\frac{810}{30}=27\)

\(\Rightarrow k=3\)

Do đó: x = 2k \(\Rightarrow\)x = 2.3=6

             y = 3k\(\Rightarrow\)y = 3.3=9

             z = 5k \(\Rightarrow\)z = 5.3=15

Vậy x=6; y=9; z=15

a, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{20}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\frac{6}{2}=3\Rightarrow x=27;y=36;z=60\)

b, \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{x}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{y}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{x+y+z}{\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+\frac{5}{4}}=\frac{49}{\frac{49}{12}}=12\)

\(\Rightarrow x=18;y=24;z=30\)

c, \(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-4}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}\)

Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau 

\(\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-4}{4}=\frac{2x+3y-z-2-6+4}{4+9-4}=\frac{46}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{101}{9};y=\frac{52}{3};z=\frac{220}{9}\)

d, Đặt \(x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\Rightarrow xyz=810\Rightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)Với k = 3 thì \(x=6;y=9;z=15\)

\(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}\)

=> \(\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{4}=\frac{3\left(y-2\right)}{9}=\frac{z-3}{4}\)

=> \(\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{4+9-4}=\frac{\left(2x+3y-z\right)-2-6+3}{9}=\frac{50-5}{9}=\frac{45}{9}\)= 5

=> x-1/2 = 5 => x-1=5 => x=6

y-2/3 = 5 => y-2 = 15 => y =17

z-3/4=5 => z-3=20 => z=23

Đặt x/2=y/3=z/5=k => x=2k,y=3k,z=5k

Ta có: xyz=2k.3k.5k=30k³ = 810 => k³ = 27 => k=3

=> x=2.3=6

y=3.3=9

z=5.3=15

\(\frac{x^3}{8}=\frac{y^3}{64}=\frac{z^3}{216}\)

=> \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{6}\)

=> \(\frac{x^2}{4}=\frac{y^2}{16}=\frac{z^2}{36}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4+16+36}=\frac{14}{56}=\frac{1}{4}\)

=> x²/4 = 1/4 => x² = 1 => x=\(\pm1\)

y²/16 = 1/4 => y² = 4 => \(y=\pm2\)

z²/36 = 1/4 => z² = 9 => \(z=\pm3\)

B)ĐỀ BÀI \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{X}{2}\right)^3=\frac{X}{2}.\frac{Y}{3}.\frac{Z}{5}=\frac{810}{30}=27\\ \)

             \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{X}{2}=3\Rightarrow X=6\)

 TỪ ĐÓ SUY RA Y=9;Z=15

1, \(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{2y}{3}=\frac{3z}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{4}{3}}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k\\y=\frac{3}{2}k\\z=\frac{4}{3}k\end{cases}}\)

Mà xyz = -108

\(\Leftrightarrow2k.\frac{3}{2}k.\frac{4}{3}k=-108\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4k^3=-108\)

<=> k³ = -27

<=> k = -3

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2k=2.-3=-6\\y=\frac{3}{2}k=\frac{3}{2}.\left(-3\right)=\frac{-9}{2}\\z=\frac{4}{3}k=\frac{4}{3}.\left(-3\right)=-4\end{cases}}\)

2, \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{8}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có: 

\(\frac{2x}{10}=\frac{3y}{21}=\frac{4z}{32}=\frac{2x+3y-4z}{10+21-32}=\frac{15}{-1}=-15\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{5}=-15\\\frac{y}{7}=-15\\\frac{z}{8}=-15\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-75\\y=-105\\z=-120\end{cases}}\)

3, 3x = 5y \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}\)

    2y = 11z \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{11}=\frac{z}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{55}=\frac{y}{33}=\frac{z}{6}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\frac{2x}{110}=\frac{5y}{165}=\frac{z}{6}=\frac{2x+5y-z}{110+165-6}=\frac{34}{269}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{55}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{y}{33}=\frac{34}{269}\\\frac{z}{6}=\frac{34}{269}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1870}{269}\\y=\frac{1122}{269}\\z=\frac{204}{269}\end{cases}}\)

4, \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{2}{y}=\frac{z}{4}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k\\y=\frac{2}{k}\\z=4k\end{cases}}\)

Mà xyz = 240

<=> 3k . 2/k . 4k = 240

<=> 24k = 240

<=> k = 10

 \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k=3.10=30\\y=\frac{2}{k}=\frac{2}{10}=\frac{1}{5}\\z=4k=4.10=40\end{cases}}\)

#)Giải :

a) Ta có : \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4};\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20};\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :

\(\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{20}=\frac{z}{28}=\frac{2x+3y-z}{30+60-28}=\frac{186}{62}=3\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{15}=3\\\frac{y}{20}=3\\\frac{z}{28}=3\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=45\\y=60\\z=84\end{cases}}}\)

Vậy x = 45; y = 60; z = 84

b) Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :

\(\frac{y+z+1}{x}=\frac{x+z+2}{y}=\frac{x+y-3}{z}=\frac{\left(y+z+1\right)+\left(x+z+2\right)+\left(x+y-3\right)}{x+y+z}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{y+z+1}{x}=\frac{x+z+2}{y}=\frac{x+y-3}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+z+1=2x\left(1\right)\\x+z+2=2y\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-3=2z\left(3\right)\\x+y+z=\frac{1}{2}\left(4\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\left(+\right)x+y+z=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y+z=\frac{1}{2}-z\)

Thay (1) vào (+) ta được :

\(\frac{1}{2}-x+1=2x\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}=3x\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\left(+_2\right)x+y+z=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x+z=\frac{1}{2}-y\)

Thay (2) và (+₂) ta được :

\(\frac{1}{2}-y+2=2y\Rightarrow\frac{5}{2}=3y\Rightarrow y=\frac{5}{6}\)

\(\left(+_3\right)x+y+z=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{6}+z=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{4}{3}+z=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow z=\frac{-5}{6}\)

Vậy \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{5}{6}\\z=\frac{-5}{6}\end{cases}}\)

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{5}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2k;y=3k;z=5k\)

\(\Rightarrow xyz=2k\cdot3k\cdot5k=30k^3\)

Mà \(xyz=810\Rightarrow30k^3=810\)

\(\Rightarrow k^3=27\)

\(\Rightarrow k=3\)

Thay vào tìm x,,z.

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có:

\(\frac{x}{10}=\frac{y}{6}=\frac{z}{21}=\frac{5x}{50}=\frac{2z}{42}=\frac{5x+y-2z}{50+6-42}=\frac{28}{14}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=20;y=12;z=42\)