b/n bang 2      c/n bang 2

1)

a)2⁵¹-1

=(2³)¹⁷-1\(⋮\)2³-1=7

Vậy 2⁵¹-1\(⋮\)7

b)2⁷⁰+3⁷⁰

=(2²)³⁵+(3²)³⁵\(⋮\)2²+3²=13

Vậy 2⁷⁰+3⁷⁰\(⋮\)13

c)17¹⁹+19¹⁷

=(BS18-1)¹⁹+(BS18+1)¹⁷

=BS18-1+BS18+1

=BS18\(⋮\)18

d)36⁶³-1\(⋮\)35\(⋮\)7

Vậy 36⁶³-1\(⋮\)7

36⁶³-1

=36⁶³+1-2

=BS37-2\(⋮̸\)37

Vậy 36⁶³-1\(⋮̸\)37

e)2⁴ⁿ-1

=(2⁴)ⁿ-1\(⋮\)2⁴-1=15

Vậy 2⁴ⁿ-1\(⋮\)15

1/

$10n+4\vdots 2n+7$

$\Rightarrow 5(2n+7)-31\vdots 2n+7$

$\Rightarrow 31\vdots 2n+7$

$\Rightarrow 2n+7\in Ư(31)$

$\Rightarrow 2n+7\in \left\{1; -1; 31; -31\right\}$

$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{-3; -4; 12; -19\right\}$

2/

$5n-4\vdots 3n+1$

$\Rightarrow 3(5n-4)\vdots 3n+1$

$\Rightarroq 15n-12\vdots 3n+1$

$\Rightarrow 5(3n+1)-17\vdots 3n+1$

$\Rightarrow 17\vdots 3n+1$

$\Rightarrow 3n+1\in Ư(17)$

$\Rightarrow 3n+1\in \left\{1; -1; 17; -17\right\}$

$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{0; \frac{-2}{3}; \frac{16}{3}; -6\right\}$

Do $n$ nguyên nên $n\in\left\{0; -6\right\}$

3/

$2n^2+n-6\vdots 2n+1$

$\Rightarrow n(2n+1)-6\vdots 2n+1$

$\Rightarrow 6\vdots 2n+1$

$\Rightarrow 2n+1\in Ư(6)$

Mà $2n+1$ lẻ nên: $2n+1\in \left\{1; -1; 3; -3\right\}$

$\Rightarrow n\in \left\{0; -1; 1; -2\right\}$

a, Khai trển phương trình : 

(5n+2)^2 - 4 = (25n^2 + 2*2*5n + 2^2) - 4 = 25n^2 + 20n + 4 - 4 
= 25n^2 + 20n = 5n(5n + 4) 

--> (52+2)^2 - 4 = 5n(5n + 4) hiển nhiên chia hết cho 5. 

lưu ý : (a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2

Ta có: n^5 - n = n (n^4 -1 ) 
=n (n^2-1)(n^2+1) 
=n(n-1)(n+1)(n^2 - 4 +5) 
=n(n-1)(n+1)(n^2-4) + n(n-1)(n+1)5 
= (n-2)(n-1)n(n+1)(n+2)+ n(n-1)(n+1)5 
Vì (n-2)(n-1)n(n+1)(n+2) chia hết cho 30 
và n(n-1)(n+1)5 chia hết cho 30 
Nên (n-2)(n-1)n(n+1)(n+2)+ n(n-1)(n+1)5 chia hết cho 30 
hay n^5-n chia hết cho 30

Bài 1:

Xét hiệu: 6(x+7y) - 6x+11y = 6x+42y-6x+11y = 31y 

Vì 6x+11y chia hết cho 31, 31y chia hết cho 31

=> 6(x+7y) chia hết cho 31

Mà (6;31)=1 => x+7y chia hết cho 31

Bài 3:

a,n²+3n-13 chia hết cho n+3

=>n(n+3)-13 chia hết cho n+3

=>13 chia hết cho n+3

=>n+3 E Ư(13)={1;-1;13;-13}

=>n E {-2;-4;10;-16}

d,n²+3 chia hết cho n-1

=>n²-n+n-1+4 chia hết cho n-1

=>n(n-1)+(n-1)+4 chia hết cho n-1

=>4 chia hết cho n-1

=>n-1 E Ư(4)={1;-1;2;-2;4;-4}

=>n E {2;0;3;-1;5;-3}

1: \(\Leftrightarrow3n^3+n^2+9n^2+3n-3n-1-4⋮3n+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3n+1\in\left\{1;4;2;-2;-1;-4\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3n\in\left\{0;3;-3\right\}\)

hay \(n\in\left\{0;1;-1\right\}\)