I. Fill in each blank ONE suitable word to make a complete passage.
Recycling, coIlection, processing, (1) reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging (2) precious metals to
broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can (3) recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses
(4) in new products, In (5), using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy (6) using new materials.
Recycling can also reduce pollution, either (7) reducing the demand for high pollution alternatives (8) by minimizing the amount of
pollution produced during the manufacturing process. (9) decreases the amount of land (10) for trash dumps by reducing the volume of
discarded waste.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.   

Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (31)___________ plastic, paper, and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are being (32)___________ by the local governments and in others, by individuals. Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have had to think of new ways to (33)___________ of their trash. With no room for items such as newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many (34)___________ programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their gardens. In addition, (35)___________ plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.

Điền vào ô số 33

A. disapprove

B. dispose

C. discard

D. throw

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.   

Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (31)___________ plastic, paper, and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are being (32)___________ by the local governments and in others, by individuals. Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have had to think of new ways to (33)___________ of their trash. With no room for items such as newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many (34)___________ programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their gardens. In addition, (35)___________ plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.

Điền vào ô số 35

A. reproductive

B. circulating

C. recyclable

D. wasted

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.   

Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (31)___________ plastic, paper, and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are being (32)___________ by the local governments and in others, by individuals. Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have had to think of new ways to (33)___________ of their trash. With no room for items such as newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many (34)___________ programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their gardens. In addition, (35)___________ plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.

Điền vào ô số 31

A. like

B. with 

C. alike

D. as

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.   

Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (31)___________ plastic, paper, and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are being (32)___________ by the local governments and in others, by individuals. Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have had to think of new ways to (33)___________ of their trash. With no room for items such as newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many (34)___________ programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their gardens. In addition, (35)___________ plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.

Điền vào ô số 34

A. improved

B. reforming

C. innovative

D. progressive

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.   

Public awareness of the value of recycling materials such (31)___________ plastic, paper, and glass is increasing daily in all corners of the globe. In some countries these efforts are being (32)___________ by the local governments and in others, by individuals. Participation in these programs is at an all-time high. In the small town of Truro in eastern Massachusetts, for example, space in the local landfill has run out; therefore, residents have had to think of new ways to (33)___________ of their trash. With no room for items such as newspaper, bottles, and old lumber at the land fill, local residents have come up with many (34)___________ programs to recycle and/ or reuse what was once thought of as only trash. For instance, yard waste such as leaves and grass which used to be thrown in the landfill is now broken down and made into compost used by local people as fertilizer in their gardens. In addition, (35)___________ plastics, newspapers, bottles and cans are sold to a recycling company, thereby bringing in revenue for the town.

Điền vào ô số 32

A. initiated

B. introduced

C. participated

D. brought

IV, Write a suitable word in each blank to complete the passage. Three ways everyone can help make the Earth a greener place is to reduce, reuse, and recycle! When people reduce it means they are using (1)……………. of something. This allows us to create less waste. Turning off the (2)………………. when we brush our teeth is a simple way to reduce. This is a small action that prevents us from wasting water. Another small action people can take is to reuse things we already have. Taking bags to the store when we shop for food is one way to reuse them. Using both (3)…………….. of piece of paper before getting a new one is another way to reuse. (4)………………. is when new materials are created from old ones. Paper, plastic, and metalare all materials that can be recycled. Things like newspapers, soda cans, and plastic bags can all be turned into new objects if we take the time to recycle them!

Read the following passage and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D.

          Glass is a remarkable substance made from simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful. Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms-as table ware, containers, in architecture and design-glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments.

          Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C, glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft, and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass is thus formed by melting then cooling to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures, glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the stage achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials.

According to the passage, why can glass be more easily shaped into specific forms than can metals?

A. It has better optical properties

B. It retains heat while its viscosity changesv

C. It gradually becomes softer as its temperature rises

D. It resists breaking when heated

Read the following passage and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D.

          Glass is a remarkable substance made from simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful. Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms-as table ware, containers, in architecture and design-glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments.

          Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C, glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft, and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass is thus formed by melting then cooling to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow, why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.

Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures, glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the stage achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials

According the passage, how is glass that has cooled and become rigid different from most other rigid substances?

A. It has varying physical properties

B. It has an interlocking crystal network

C. It has unusually low melting temperature

D. It has a random molecular structure