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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)

=> \(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2}\)

\(=\left|\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right|\)

Vì a,b,c là các số hữu tỉ => \(\left|\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right|\)là một số hữu tỉ

=> A là một số hữu tỉ

3/ Ta có:

\(x+y+z=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2;y^2=\left(z+x\right)^2;z^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c;b+c=-a;c+a=-b\)

\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)

Ta có:

\(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=a\left(y+z\right)^2+b\left(z+x\right)^2+c\left(x+y\right)^2\)

\(=x^2\left(b+c\right)+y^2\left(c+a\right)+z^2\left(a+b\right)+2\left(ayz+bzx+cxy\right)\)

\(=-ax^2-by^2-cz^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ax^2+by^2+cz^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0\)

1/ Đặt \(a-b=x,b-c=y,c-z=z\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=0\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)

2/ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)

Ta có:

\(M=\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(ab+bc+ca+a^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+b^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\)

\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\right]^2\)

Đặt x = a - b ; y = b - c ; z = c - a thì x + y + z = a - b + b - c + c - a = 0

Ta có \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\)

= \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)

= \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\)

= \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)( đpcm )

Câu hỏi của Phạm Quang Dương - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath

ta có \(\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2=\)\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\right)\)

= \(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)= A²

vậy A = \(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\)là một số hữu tỉ

Thấy bài này chưa ai lm đúng nên cho e ké ạ:((

Đặt \(a-b=c;b-c=y;c-a=z\) khi đó \(x+y+z=0\)

Ta có:\(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow A^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)

\(A^2=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\)

\(\Rightarrow A^2=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\) là số hữu tỉ.

Đặt \(a-b=x;b-c=y\Rightarrow c-a=x-y\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{y^2\left(x+y\right)^2+x^2\left(x+y\right)^2+x^2y^2}{x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x^4+y^4+2xy^3+2x^3y+3x^2y^2}{x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)^2}{x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)^2}}=\left|\frac{x^2+y^2+xy}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right|\) là một số hữu tỉ (ĐPCM)

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Đặt \(a-b=x;b-c=y;c-a=z\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)

Lúc đó: \(B=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)

Mà \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow2\left(x+y+z\right)=0\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}+\frac{2}{xy}\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)