1: \(=x^2+1\)

3: \(=\left(x-y-z\right)^2\)

\(A=6x^2+23x+21-\left(6x^2+23x-55\right)=76\\ B=x^4+x^3-x^2-2x^2-2x+2-x^4-x^3+3x^2+2x\\ =2\\ C=x^4+x^3-3x^2-2x-\left(x^4+x^3-x^2-2x^2-2x+2\right)\\ =-2\)

a: (1-2x)^3-(1+2x)^3

\(=1^3-3\cdot1^2\cdot2x+3\cdot1\cdot\left(2x\right)^2-8x^3-8x^3-12x^2-6x-1\)

\(=1-6x+12x^2-8x^3-8x^3-12x^2-6x-1\)

\(=-16x^3-12x\)

b: \(=x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3-x^2+8\)

\(=-7x^2+12x\)

c: \(=x^3+8-12x+6x^2-x^3+6x^2+12x\)

\(=12x^2+8\)

a, \(A=2x^3-9x^5+3x^5-3x^2+7x^2-12=-6x^5+2x^3+4x^2-12\)

b, \(B=2x^4+x^2+2x-2x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+1=2x^4-2x^3+1\)

c, \(C=2x^2+x-x^3-2x^2+x^3-x+3=3\)

Ta có hằng đẳng thức: 

\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)

Ta thấy \(\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-2\right)+\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

do đó \(\left(x-1\right)^3+\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3-2x\right)^3=3\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)\)

suy ra \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x_1=1\\x_2=2\\x_3=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)

\(S=\frac{29}{4}\).

\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x-3x-2x^2=26\\ \Leftrightarrow-13x=26\Leftrightarrow x=-2\\ d,\Leftrightarrow x^2-18x+16=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-18x+81\right)-65=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-9\right)^2-65=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-9+\sqrt{65}\right)\left(x-9-\sqrt{65}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9-\sqrt{65}\\9+\sqrt{65}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x-25=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2-50=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5-5\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x-5+5\sqrt{2}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5+5\sqrt{2}\\x=5-5\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ f,\Leftrightarrow5x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\\ g,\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\ h,\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+3x+6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ i,\Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x+9-4x^2+4=49\\ \Leftrightarrow-12x=36\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)

\(j,\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-1\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-1\\ k,\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)=4\left(x-1\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) (x - 2)(x - 3).                        b) 3(x - 2)(x + 5).

c) (x - 2)(3x + 1).                     d) (x-2y)(x - 5y).

e) (x + l)(x + 2)(x - 3).             g) (x-1)(x + 3)( x 2  + 3).

h) (x + y - 3)(x - y + 1).