x²y + xy² - x - y

= (x²y + xy²) - (x + y)

= xy(x + y) - (x + y)

= (x + y)(xy - 1)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=k\Rightarrow x=2k;y=3k\)

\(P=\dfrac{4k^2-2k.3k+9k^2}{4k^2+2k.3k+9k^2}=\dfrac{13k^2-6k^2}{13k^2+6k^2}=\dfrac{7k^2}{19k^2}=\dfrac{7}{19}\)

Ta coˊ :xy+x+1x​+yz+y+1y​+xz+z+1z​

=���+�+1+�����+��+�+����2��+���+��=xy+x+1x​+xyz+xy+xxy​+x2yz+xyz+xyxyz​

=���+�+1+����+�+1+1��+�+1(Vıˋ ���=1)=xy+x+1x​+xy+x+1xy​+xy+x+11​(Vıˋ xyz=1)

=�+��+1��+�+1=xy+x+1x+xy+1​

$=1$

\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2-3xy=1+3=4\)

\(Q=2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-3\left(x^2+y^2\right)=-\left(x+y\right)^2=-1\)

 x^3 +y^3

=(x+y)^3

=1

Q=2(x^3 +y^3 )-3(x^2 +y^2)

=2(x+y)^3-3(x+y)^2

Thay x+y=1 vào đa thức Q có:

=2.1-3.1

=-1

Câu 1; B

Câu 2: B

đầu tiên ta chứng minh với x,y,z,t bất kì thì:

\(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+\sqrt{z^2+t^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2+\left(y+t\right)^2}\) (*)

thật vậy bđt (*) tương đương với: 

\(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2+2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(z^2+t^2\right)}\ge x^2+2xz+z^2+y^2+2yt+t^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(z^2+t^2\right)}\ge xz+yt\)

bđt trên đúng vì theo bđt bunhia cốp xki

\(\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(z^2+t^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(xz+yt\right)^2}=|xz+yt|\ge xz+yt\)

Áp dụng (*) ta có:

\(P=\sqrt{4+x^4}+\sqrt{4+y^4}+\sqrt{4+z^4}\ge\sqrt{\left(2+2\right)^2+\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}+\sqrt{4+z^2}\)

\(\ge\sqrt{\left(2+2+2\right)^2+\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}=\sqrt{36+\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}\)

Ta có:

\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-1\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow3x^2+3y^2+3z^2+3\ge2x+2y+2z+2xy+2yz+2zx=2.6=12\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{36+3}=3\sqrt{5}\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=1