Read and put the headings into the correct paragraphs.
(There is one extra)
1. Effect on health of humans
2. Effect on growth of plants
3. Decreased soil fertility

4. Toxic dust
5. Changes in temperature
6. Changes in soil structure

Effects of Soil Pollution

1. : Considering how soil is the reason we are
able to sustain ourselves, the contamination of it has major consequences on our
health. Crops and plants grown on polluted soil absorb much of the pollution and
then pass these on to us. This could explain the sudden surge in small and terminal
illnesses.
2. : The ecological balance of any system gets
affected due to the widespread contamination of the soil. Most plants are unable to
adapt when the chemistry of the soil changes so radically in a short period of time.
Fungi and bacteria found in the soil that bind it together begin to decline, which
creates an additional problem of soil erosion.
3. : The toxic chemicals present in the soil can
decrease soil fertility and therefore decrease in the soil yield. The contaminated soil
is then used to produce fruits and vegetables which lacks quality nutrients and may
contain some poisonous substance to cause serious health problems in people
consuming them.
4. : The emission of toxic and foul gases from
landfills pollutes the environment and causes serious effects on health of some
people. The unpleasant smell causes inconvenience to other people.
5. : The death of many soil organisms (e.g.
earthworms) in the soil can lead to alteration in soil structure. Apart from that, it
could also force other predators to move to other places in search of food.

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1) ______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, even very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3) ______. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4) ______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5) ______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground.

Điền vào số 1

A. cleans out

B. picks up

C. carries out

D. holds up

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1) ______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, even very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3) ______. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4) ______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5) ______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground.

Điền vào số 1

A. borders

B. topside

C. backside

D. hillsides

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1) ______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, even very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3) ______. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4) ______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5) ______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground.

Điền vào số 3

A. much

B. few

C. little

D. large

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1) ______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, even very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3) ______. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4) ______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5) ______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground.

Điền vào số 5

A. building

B. formed

C. melted

D. melting  

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1) ______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, even very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3) ______. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4) ______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to (5) ______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground.

Điền vào số 4

A. aid

B. facilitate

C. assist

D. help

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 33

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (33)_______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, (34)_______ very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the hillsides. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wear away very slowly, and so loses very (35)_______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to hold the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground. Thus, forests and grasslands help to slow down erosion.

Even where the land is (36)_______ covered with plants, some erosion goes on. In the spring, the melting snow turns into a large quantity of water that then runs downhill in streams. As a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream bed gets deeper and deeper. (37)_______ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are often formed.

A. much

B. few

C. little

D. large

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 33

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (33)_______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, (34)_______ very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the hillsides. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wear away very slowly, and so loses very (35)_______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to hold the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground. Thus, forests and grasslands help to slow down erosion.

Even where the land is (36)_______ covered with plants, some erosion goes on. In the spring, the melting snow turns into a large quantity of water that then runs downhill in streams. As a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream bed gets deeper and deeper. (37)_______ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are often formed.

A. clean out

B. picks up

C. carries out

D. holds out

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the

correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 34

Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (33)_______ small grains of sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, (34)_______ very hard rocks are worn away by the wind.

When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the hillsides. Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.

Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wear away very slowly, and so loses very (35)_______ of its soil. The roots of plants help to hold the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that falls on bare ground. Thus, forests and grasslands help to slow down erosion.

Even where the land is (36)_______ covered with plants, some erosion goes on. In the spring, the melting snow turns into a large quantity of water that then runs downhill in streams. As a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream bed gets deeper and deeper. (37)_______ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are often formed.

A. though

B. still

C. such

D. even