\( Q = \dfrac{{{{\left( {\dfrac{{a - b}}{{\sqrt a + \sqrt b }}} \right)}^3} + 2a\sqrt a + b\sqrt b }}{{3{a^2} + 3b\sqrt {ab} }} + \dfrac{{\sqrt {ab} - a}}{{a\sqrt a - b\sqrt a }}\\ Q = \dfrac{{{{\left[ {\dfrac{{\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)\left( {\sqrt a + \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\sqrt a + \sqrt b }}} \right]}^3} + 2a\sqrt a + b\sqrt b }}{{3\left( {{a^2} + b\sqrt {ab} } \right)}} + \dfrac{{\sqrt a \left( {\sqrt b - \sqrt a } \right)}}{{\sqrt a \left( {a - b} \right)}}\\ Q = \dfrac{{{{\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)}^3} + 2a\sqrt a + b\sqrt b }}{{3\sqrt a \left( {a\sqrt a + b\sqrt b } \right)}} + \dfrac{{ - \left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)}}{{\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)\left( {\sqrt a + \sqrt b } \right)}}\\ Q = \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt a + \sqrt b }} + \dfrac{{ - 1}}{{\sqrt a + \sqrt b }} = 0 \)

Vậy Q không phụ thuộc vào a,b

1. Ta thấy:

\(\frac{(a-b)^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}=\frac{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}\)

\(=(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^3-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}=a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+3\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}\)

\(=3a\sqrt{a}+3\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})=3\sqrt{a}(a+\sqrt{ab}+b)\)

$a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}=(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})(a+\sqrt{ab}+b)$

\(\frac{\frac{(a-b)^3}{(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^3}-b\sqrt{b}+2a\sqrt{a}}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}=\frac{3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}(1)\)

\(\frac{3a+3\sqrt{ab}}{b-a}=\frac{3\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a})}=\frac{-3\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}(2)\)

Từ $(1);(2)$ ta có đpcm.

Câu 2:

Điều kiện đã cho tương đương với:

$\frac{a-b}{a(a+b)}+\frac{a+b}{a(a-b)}=\frac{3a-b}{(a-b)(a+b)}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-b)^2}{a(a+b)(a-b)}+\frac{(a+b)^2}{a(a-b)(a+b)}=\frac{a(3a-b)}{a(a-b)(a+b)}$

$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(a+b)^2=a(3a-b)$

$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2=3a^2-ab$

$\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab-2b^2=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(a-2b)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow a=-b$ hoặc $a=2b$

Nếu $a=-b$ thì $|a|=|b|$ (trái giả thiết). Do đó $a=2b$

Khi đó:

$P=\frac{(2b)^3+2(2b)^2.b+3b^3}{2(2b)^3+2b.b^2+b^3}=\frac{19b^3}{19b^3}=1$

\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^3+2\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}}{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{a^3}-3a\sqrt{b}+3\sqrt{a}.b-\sqrt{b^3}+2\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}}{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{3\sqrt{a^3}-3a\sqrt{b}+3b\sqrt{a}}{3\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a^3}+\sqrt{b^3}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{a}\right)}{\sqrt{a}\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a-\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}=0\)

a/ A=2

b/ B = a/ (√a + √b)