Lấy (1) cộng (2), ta có:

\(\left(2a+1\right)x=a^2+4a+5\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a^2+4a+5}{2a+1}\)

Thay vào (1): \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+4a+5\right)\left(a+1\right)-10a-5}{2a+1}.\dfrac{1}{a}\)\(=\dfrac{a^3+5a^2-a}{2a+1}.\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{a^2+5a-1}{2a+1}\)

Để x,y nguyên thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+4a+5⋮2a+1\\a^2+5a-1⋮2a+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\left(a+2\right)+2a+5⋮2a+1\\a^2+2a+3a-1⋮2a+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4⋮2a+1\\a+2⋮2a+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4⋮2a+1\\3⋮2a+1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow2a+1\in\left\{\pm1\right\}\)\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{-1;0\right\}\)

Vậy với a=-1;0 thì hpt có nghiệm (x;y) với x,y thuộc Z.

\(\frac{x}{2}=10\Leftrightarrow x=20\)

\(x+\frac{y}{3}=20+\frac{y}{3}=10\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{3}=-10\Rightarrow y=-30\)

\(x+y+\frac{z}{5}=10\Leftrightarrow20+-30+\frac{z}{5}=10\)

\(\frac{z}{5}=20\Leftrightarrow z=100\)

Vậy \(x=20;y=-30;z=100\)

2. Để P là một số nguyên thì \(12⋮3n-1\)

\(3n-1\inƯ\left(12\right)\)

\(3n-1\in\left\{-12;-6;-4;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;4;6;12\right\}\)

\(3n\in\left\{-11;-5;-3;-2;-1;0;2;3;4;5;7;13\right\}\)

x=1

y=2

x=1

y=2

ai k mk ,mk k lai, neu k thi phai nhan tin thi to moi biet

Ta có:(x+y):(5-z):(y+z):(y+9)=3:1:2:5

=> 5-z=1=>z=4.

    y+9=5=>y=-4.

   x+y=3=>x-4=3(do y=-4)=>x=7.

Vậy x=7,y=-4,z=4.