a, y \(\times\) \(\dfrac{4}{3}\) = \(\dfrac{16}{9}\)

    y         =    \(\dfrac{16}{9}\) : \(\dfrac{4}{3}\)

    y         = \(\dfrac{4}{3}\)

b, ( y - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)) + 0,5 = \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

    y - 0,5 + 0,5 = \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

   y                   = \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

c, \(\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{2}{5}y\) = 0,2

   0,8 - 0,4y = 0,2

           0,4y = 0,8 - 0,2

           0,4y  = 0,6

               y = 1,5

d, (y + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)) \(\times\) \(\dfrac{5}{7}\) = \(\dfrac{10}{9}\)

    y + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)           = \(\dfrac{10}{9}\) : \(\dfrac{5}{7}\)

   y + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)            = \(\dfrac{14}{9}\)

y                    = \(\dfrac{14}{9}\) - \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

 y                   =   \(\dfrac{29}{36}\)

e, y : \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)         = \(\dfrac{9}{5}\)  + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

   y : \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)         =   \(\dfrac{23}{10}\)

  y                =      \(\dfrac{23}{10}\)

  y               =   \(\dfrac{23}{8}\)

f, y \(\times\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{2}\) \(\times\) y   = \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

   y \(\times\) ( \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}\))      =  \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

   2y                       = \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

    y                        = \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

Bài 2:

\(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+a}{c-a}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+a}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-a}=\dfrac{a+b+a-b}{c+a+c-a}=\dfrac{a}{c}\) (T/c dãy tỷ số = nhau)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+a}=\dfrac{a}{c}\Rightarrow c\left(a+b\right)=a\left(c+a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ac+bc=ac+a^2\Rightarrow a^2=bc\)

1.

a,  \(x-14=3x+18\)                                                                       

\(\Rightarrow x-3x=18+14\)                                                                 

\(\Rightarrow-2x=32\Rightarrow x=\frac{32}{-2}=-16\)

b, \(\left(x+7\right).\left(x-9\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+7=0\\x-9=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-7\\x=9\end{cases}}}\)

c, \(\left|2x-5\right|-7=22\)                                                                     

\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-5\right|=22+7\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-5\right|=29\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+5=29\\2x-5=29\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=24\\2x=34\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=12\\x=17\end{cases}}\)

d,  \(\left(\left|2x\right|-5\right)-7=22\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\left|2x\right|-5\right)=29\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|2x\right|=29+5\Rightarrow\left|2x\right|=34\Rightarrow x=\pm17\)

e, \(\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+9\right|+\left|x+5\right|=4x\)

Vì \(\left|x+3\right|\ge0;\left|x+9\right|\ge0;\left|x+5\right|\ge0;4x\ge0\)

Nên \(\left|x+3\right|+\left|x+9\right|+\left|x+5\right|=4x\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|x+3\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+3\right|=x+3\)

     \(\left|x+9\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+9\right|=x+9\)

      \(\left|x+5\right|>0\Rightarrow\left|x+5\right|=x+5\)

Ta có : 

\(x+3+x+9+x+5=4x\)

\(\Rightarrow3x+\left(3+9+5\right)=4x\)

\(\Rightarrow4x-3x=17\)

\(\Rightarrow x=17\)

2. a , b sai đề bn 

c, \(\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

\(\text{ }Ư\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

Ta có bảng sau : 

d, \(5xy-5x+y=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(5xy-5x\right)+y=5\)

\(\Rightarrow5x.\left(y-1\right)+y=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(5x+1\right).\left(y-1\right)\inƯ\left(4\right)\)

\(Ư\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

Ta có bảng sau : 

x - 14 = 3x + 18

x - 3x = 18 + 14

-2x= 32

x= 32 : (-2)

x=-16

Bài 1 :

a) \(\frac{-n}{4}=\frac{-9}{n}\Rightarrow-n^2=-36\Rightarrow n^2=36\Rightarrow n=\pm6\)

b) \(\frac{n}{4}=18\cdot n+1\Rightarrow n=\left(18n+1\right)\cdot4\)

=> n = 72n + 4

=> n - 72n = 4

=> -71n = 4 => n = \(-\frac{4}{71}\)

Mà n thuộc Z => n không thoả mãn điều kiện của đề bài :

Bài 2 :

\(\frac{x}{7}=\frac{9}{y}\Rightarrow xy=63\)

Ta có : 63 = 1.63 = 3.21 = 7.9 = 9.7 = 21.3 = 63.1 = (-1)(-63) = (-3)(-21) = (-7)(-9) = (-9)(-7) = (-21)(-3) = (-63)(-1)

Vậy (x,y) = {(1,63) ; (3,21) ; (7,9) ; (9,7) ; (21,3) ; (63,1) ; (-1,-63) ; (-3,-21) ; (-7,-9) ; (-9,-7); (-21,-3) ; (-63,-1)}

b) \(\frac{-2}{x}=\frac{y}{5}\Rightarrow xy=-10=\left(-1\right)\cdot10=\left(-2\right)\cdot5=\left(-5\right)\cdot2=\left(-10\right)\cdot1\)

Tự tìm x , y là xong

c) Cách 1 : x - y = 5 => x = 5 + y

=> \(\frac{x-4}{y-3}=\frac{5+y-4}{y-3}=\frac{4}{3}\)

=> \(\frac{y+1}{y-3}=\frac{4}{3}\)

=> \(3\left(y+1\right)=4\left(y-3\right)\)

=> 3y + 3 = 4y - 12

=> 3y + 3 - 4y + 12 = 0

=> -y + 15 = 0

=> -y = -15 => y = 15

+) x = 5 + y = 5 + 15 = 20

Cách 2 : \(\frac{x-4}{y-3}=\frac{4}{3}\)

=> 3(x - 4) = 4(y - 3)

=> 3x - 12 = 4y - 12

=> 3x - 12 - 4y + 12 = 0

=> 3x - 4y = 0 => 3x = 4y => \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}\)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{3}=k\)

=> x = 4k,y = 3k

=> x - y =4k - 3k

=> k = 5

+) x = 4k = 4.5 = 20

+) y = 3k = 3.5 = 15

Vậy x = 20,y = 15

\(\dfrac{8}{9}\) : ( 2 - 3 \(\times\) y) = \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) 

        2 - 3 \(\times\) y = \(\dfrac{8}{9}\) : \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)

        2 - 3 \(\times\) y = \(\dfrac{8}{15}\)

             3 \(\times\) y = 2 - \(\dfrac{8}{15}\)

             3 \(\times\) y = \(\dfrac{22}{15}\)

                   y  = \(\dfrac{22}{15}\) : 3 

                   y = \(\dfrac{22}{45}\)

a,\(\frac{-\chi}{4}=\frac{-9}{\chi}\Rightarrow-\chi.\chi=4.\left(-9\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow-2\chi=-36\Rightarrow\chi=-36:\left(-2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\chi=18\)