x^2 -2 +1/x^2+x^2+xy+y^2/4=2+xy

(x-1/x)^2+(x+y/2)^2=2+xy

suy ra được min xy=-2 khi x=1,y=-2

\(4x^2-2+\frac{1}{4x^2}+\left(2x\right)^2+y^2=4\)

\(\left(\left(2x\right)^2-\frac{1}{\left(2x\right)^2}\right)^2+\left(\left(2x\right)-y\right)^2=4-2\left(2x\right)y\)

\(VT\ge0\) đẳng thức khi: 2x=+-1;  2x=y; 

\(\Rightarrow4-4xy\ge0\Rightarrow xy\le1\)

DS: x=+-1/2; y+-1

\(2x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}=4\left(1\right)\)

Theo Bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho các cặp số \(\left(x^2;\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right);\left(x^2;\dfrac{y^2}{4}\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\ge2\\x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge2.\dfrac{1}{2}xy\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}\ge2\\x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}\ge2+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\ge2+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy\le2\left(x;y\inℤ\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow Max\left(xy\right)=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi

\(xy\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;-2\right);\left(1;2\right);\left(-2;-1\right);\left(2;1\right)\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề bài