The systems caused by ingestion of a harmful chemical must be counteracted within minutes in order to avoid permanent damage to the kidneys and other vital organs.
A. alleviated
B. increased
C. distributed
D. summed up
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Permanent damage to children's body may be caused by frequent contact with electronic devices.
A. Immediate
B. Long-lasting
C. Short-term
D. Serious
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
But rising sea water caused by global warming is now increasing the salt content of the river water and (5) _______the livelihoods of millions of poor farmers and fishermen.
A. threatens
B. threaten
C. threatening
D. threatened
Đáp án:
Động từ “increase” chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn nên động từ “threaten” cũng chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
But rising sea water caused by global warming is now increasing the salt content of the river water and (30) _______the livelihoods of millions of poor farmers and fishermen.
Tạm dịch: Nhưng nước biển tăng do sự nóng lên toàn cầu hiện đang làm tăng hàm lượng muối của nước sông và đang đe dọa sinh kế nhai của hàng triệu nông dân và ngư dân nghèo.
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
Such a rise of one meter (2) _______ a third of the Mekong Delta underwater …
A. can leave
B. could leave
C. can result
D. could result
Đáp án:
Câu diễn tả một giả thiết không có thật ở hiện tại, can=> could
=> Such a rise of one meter could leave a third of the Mekong Delta underwater …
Tạm dịch: Mực nước tăng lên đến một mét có thể để lại một phần ba của đồng bằng sông Cửu Long dưới nước
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
The salinity of the water has (10) _______ a point where many locals have been forced to abandon their traditional rice cultivation.
A. reached
B. come
C. gone
D. become
Đáp án:
reach the point (where): đạt đến ngưỡng mà khiến điều gì đó diễn ra
=> The salinity of the water has reached a point where many locals have been forced to abandon their traditional rice cultivation.
Tạm dịch: Độ mặn của nước đạt đến ngưỡng mà nhiều người dân địa phương buộc phải bỏ nghề trồng lúa truyền thống của họ.
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
...in a region (3) _______ produces nearly half of Viet Nam's rice.
A. that
B. what
C. it
D. there
Đáp án:
Sử dụng đại từ quan hệ “that” thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật “region” (vùng)
=> ...in a region that produces nearly half of Viet Nam's rice.
Tạm dịch: ...một khu vực sản xuất gần một nửa số gạo của Việt Nam.
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
The vast, humid expanse of the delta is home to more than 17 million people, who (4)_______ for generations on its thousands of river arteries.
A. rely
B. relies
C. has relied
D. have relied
Đáp án:
Câu diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại => dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành
17 million people là danh từ đếm được số nhiều
=> The vast, humid expanse of the delta is home to more than 17 million people, who have relied for generations on its thousands of river arteries.
Tạm dịch: Các vùng đồng bằng trải rộng với độ ẩm cao là nơi sinh sống của hơn 17 triệu dân, những người mà hàng thế hệ qua vẫn sinh sống trên hàng ngàn động mạch sông.
Đáp án cần chọn là: D
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
...but soon the whole province will be (9) _______.
A. attacked
B. hit
C. touched
D. swept
Đáp án:
attack (v): tấn công
hit (v): đổ bộ, chạm tới
touch (v): chạm vào
sweep (v): quét đi
...but soon the whole province will be hit.
Tạm dịch: ...nhưng chẳng mấy chốc toàn tỉnh sẽ bị ảnh hưởng.
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 9 to 13.
Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes. Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood. Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells.
The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible. But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage.
The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient. It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed. This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again. The biggest issue is the method of cooling. It is not feasible to chill the head alone. Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem.
The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out. Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen. The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage.
It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful. In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia. And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition.
Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage.
The word “alleviating” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _____.
A. causing
B. devastating
C. reducing
D. increasing
Đáp án C
Alleviating ≈ reducing: làm giảm bớt, nhẹ bớt
Cause: gây ra
Devastate: tàn phá, phá huỷ
Increase: tăng
Read the passage below and choose one correct answer for each question.
Global warming and cooling have occurred naturally throughout history. But in the last 200 years, humans’ uses of fossil fuels and clear cutting of forests have increased the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap some of the radiation from the sun which then increases the Earth’s temperature. Given the current state of environmental pollution caused by human activities, scientists believe the average temperature of the earth may increase 1-2 degrees Celsius which put simply, means some places will get much hotter and some much colder. At the same time, this overall warming effect means more frequent and more intense weather systems, especially in terms of flooding and drought.
Viet Nam is one of the most vulnerable environments due to its location on the planet. It is already subject to some of the earth’s most powerful weather systems and the increased frequency and intensity of storms will affect it often and directly, especially in coastal areas where most people live. Various estimates have been made as to the possible impacts. The most directly affected sector will be agriculture, which is very sensitive to flooding and the effects of extreme weather.
Viet Nam has the advantage of coming relatively late into the industrialization, urbanization, and modernization process. This means it can avoid many of the mistakes made by wealthier industrial countries. For example, wireless communication networks can be built from the start rather than installing lines that can easily be destroyed in extreme weather. Cities can be designed and located in less vulnerable locations. Climate-friendly building codes and standards can be created that are both more efficient and less prone to heat stress, wind damage, and flooding. Climate friendly transport systems, especially public transport, can be adopted.
In Ben Tre, salt water reached as far as 35 miles inland, causing significant (7) _______to crops and livestock, with rice production particularly affected.
A. damage
B. destruction
C. disaster
D. loss
Đáp án:
damage (n): thiệt hại
destruction (n): sự phá hủy
disaster (n): thảm hoạ
loss (n): sự mất mát
=> In Ben Tre, salt water reached as far as 35 miles inland, causing significant damage to crops and livestock, with rice production particularly affected.
Tạm dịch: Ở Bến Tre, nước mặn đã từng đạt tới 35 dặm đất liền, gây thiệt hại nghiêm trọng cho cây trồng và vật nuôi, với sản xuất lúa bị ảnh hưởng nặng nề.
Đáp án cần chọn là: A