`a) (xy + y )^2`
`= (xy)^2 +2xy . y +y^2`
`= x^2 y^2 +2xy^2 + y^2`
`b) ( y + y)^2`
`=y^2+2.y.y+y^2`
`=y^2+2y^2+y^2`
`=4y^2`
`c)`
`(x+1/2)^²`
`=x^2+2.x . 1/2+(1/2)^2`
`=x^2+x+1/4`
`d)`
`(x+5)^2`
`=x^2+2.x.5+5^2`
`=x^2+10x+25`
`e)`
`(x+15)^2`
`=x^2+2.x.15^2`
`=x^2+30x+225`
(xy + y)² = (xy)² + 2.xy.y + y² = x²y² + 2xy² + y²
(y + y)² = (2y)² = 8y²
(x + 1/2)² = x² + 2.x.1/2 + (1/2)² = x² + x + 1/4
(x + 5)² = x² + 2.x.5 + 5² = x² + 10x + 25
(x + 15)² = x² + 2.x.15 + 15² = x² + 30x + 225