Ta có: \(P=A\cdot B\) (ĐK: \(x>0;x\ne4\))
\(=\left(\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-6}{x-2\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{1}{2-\sqrt{x}}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+9}\right)\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right]\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+9}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3+\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+9}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+9}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+9}\)
Với x > 0; x ≠ 4 thì \(\sqrt{P}< \dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow P< \dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+9}< \dfrac{1}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+9}-\dfrac{1}{9}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{9\left(\sqrt{x}+9\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+9}{9\left(\sqrt{x}+9\right)}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9\sqrt{x}-9-\sqrt{x}-9}{9\sqrt{x}+81}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8\sqrt{x}-18}{9\sqrt{x}+18}< 0\)
Ta thấy: \(9\sqrt{x}+18>0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow8\sqrt{x}-18< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}< \dfrac{18}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}< \dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{81}{16}\)
Kết hợp với điều kiện, ta được: \(0< x\le5\)\(;x\ne4\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3;5\right\};x\in Z\) thì \(\sqrt{P}< \dfrac{1}{3}\)
#Urushi
