a: =x^2+2xy+y^2-4x^2y^2
=(x+y)^2-(2xy)^2
=(x+y+2xy)(x+y-2xy)
b: =49-(a^2-2ab+b^2)
=49-(a-b)^2
=(7-a+b)(7+a-b)
c: =\(a^2-\left(b^2-4bc+4c^2\right)\)
\(=a^2-\left(b-2c\right)^2=\left(a-b+2c\right)\left(a+b-2c\right)\)
d:
\(=\left(bc\right)^2-\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(bc-b^2-c^2+a^2\right)\left(bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\right)\)
e: \(=\left(a+b\right)^2+2c\left(a+b\right)+c^2+\left(a+b\right)^2-2c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-4c^2\)
=2(a+b)^2-2c^2
=2[(a+b)^2-c^2]
=2(a+b-c)(a+b+c)