Giả sử pt dao động của vật có dạng:
\(x=Acos\left(5t+\varphi\right)\left(cm\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow v=-5Asin\left(5t+\varphi\right)=5Acos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+5t+\varphi\right)\left(\text{cm/s}\right)\)
Tại \(t=0:\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\left(cm\right)\\v=10\left(\text{cm/s}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0=Acos\varphi=-2\left(cm\right)\\v_0=5Acos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}+\varphi\right)=10\left(\text{cm/s}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}cos\varphi=-\dfrac{2}{A}\left(1\right)\\5A\left(cos\dfrac{\pi}{2}.cos\varphi-sin\dfrac{\pi}{2}.sin\varphi\right)=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow5A.\left(-sin\varphi\right)=10\Leftrightarrow sin\varphi=\dfrac{-2}{A}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\varphi=\dfrac{-3\pi}{4}\left(rad\right);A=2\sqrt{2}\left(cm\right)\)
Vậy ta có ptdđ của vật: \(x=2\sqrt{2}cos\left(5t-\dfrac{3\pi}{4}\right)\left(cm\right)\)
b)\(v_{max}=\omega A=5A=10\sqrt{2}\left(\text{cm/s}\right)\)
\(a_{max}=\omega^2A=50\sqrt{2}\left(\text{cm/s}^2\right)\)
c) \(\alpha=\Delta t.\omega=1,4\pi.5=7\pi\left(rad\right)=6\pi+\pi\left(rad\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=3.4A+2\sqrt{2}-2+2\sqrt{2}+2=12A+4\sqrt{2}=28\sqrt{2}\left(cm\right)\)