Gọi \(S_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(t^oC\right)}=x\left(g\right)\)
`=>` \(\dfrac{x}{100+x}.100\%=18,54\%\)
`=> x = 22,76(g)`
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,125----->0,375----->0,125
`=>` \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,375.98}{24,5\%}=150\left(g\right)\)
`=>` \(m_{dd\text{ }sau\text{ }khi\text{ }làm\text{ }lạnh}=150+20-35,125=134,875\left(g\right)\)
`=>` \(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(còn\text{ }lại\right)}=\dfrac{134,875.18,54}{100}=25\left(g\right)\)
`=>` \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(trong\text{ }tinh\text{ }thể\right)}=0,125-\dfrac{25}{400}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi CTHH của tinh thể Y là \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.nH_2O\)
`=>` \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.nH_2O}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\left(trong\text{ }tinh\text{ }thể\right)}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
`=>` \(M_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3.nH_2O}=\dfrac{35,125}{0,0625}=562\left(g/mol\right)\)
`=>` \(n=\dfrac{562-400}{18}=9\)
Vậy CTHH của tinh thể muối ngậm nước Y là Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O