a) \(=3\left(xy-4\right)\)
b) \(=x^2\left(x-y\right)+4\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)
c) \(=x^2-\left(y^2-12y+36\right)=x^2-\left(y-6\right)^2=\left(x-y+6\right)\left(x+y-6\right)\)
d) \(=\left(4p^2-36p+81\right)-25=\left(2p-9\right)^2-25=\left(2p-9-5\right)\left(2p-9+5\right)=4\left(p-7\right)\left(p-2\right)\)