8:
a: P=-25x^2-10x+1
=-(25x^2+10x-1)
=-(25x^2+10x+1-2)
=-(5x+1)^2+2<=2
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/5
b: B=5x^2-25x+4
=5(x^2-5x+4/5)
=5(x^2-2*x*5/2+25/4-109/20)
=5(x-5/2)^2-109/4>=-109/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=5/2
7:
a: M=4x^2-20x+3
=4x^2-20x+25-22
=(2x-5)^2-22>=-22
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=5/2
b: N=5(x^2-7x-2/5)
=5(x^2-2*x*7/2+49/4-253/20)
=5(x-7/2)^2-253/4>=-253/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
c: P=x^2-x+1
=x^2-x+1/4+3/4
=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
d: Q=x^2-6x+3
=x^2-6x+9-6
=(x-3)^2-6>=-6
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3