Question

Biến đổi về các hằng đẳng thức, tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của các biểu thức:

a) 𝐴 = −𝑥^2+ 2𝑥 + 5

b) 𝐵 = −𝑥^2− 8𝑥 + 10

c) 𝐶 = −3𝑥^2+ 12𝑥 + 8

d) 𝐷 = −5𝑥^2+ 9𝑥 − 3

e) 𝐸 = (4 − 𝑥)(𝑥 + 6) f)

𝐹 = (2𝑥 + 5)(4 − 3𝑥)

g) 𝐺 = (2 − 3𝑥)(2𝑥 + 3)

Answer 1

a: Ta có: \(A=-x^2+2x+5\)

\(=-\left(x^2-2x-5\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1-6\right)\)

\(=-\left(x-1\right)^2+6\le6\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1

b: Ta có: \(B=-x^2-8x+10\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x-10\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-26\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+26\le26\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-4

c: Ta có: \(C=-3x^2+12x+8\)

\(=-3\left(x^2-4x-\dfrac{8}{3}\right)\)

\(=-3\left(x^2-4x+4-\dfrac{20}{3}\right)\)

\(=-3\left(x-2\right)^2+20\le20\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2

d: Ta có: \(D=-5x^2+9x-3\)

\(=-5\left(x^2-\dfrac{9}{5}x+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)

\(=-5\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{9}{10}+\dfrac{81}{100}-\dfrac{21}{100}\right)\)

\(=-5\left(x-\dfrac{9}{10}\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{20}\le\dfrac{21}{20}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{9}{10}\)

Answer 2

e: Ta có: \(E=\left(4-x\right)\left(x+6\right)\)

\(=4x+24-x^2-6x\)

\(=-x^2-2x+24\)

\(=-\left(x^2+2x-24\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1-25\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2+25\le25\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1

f: Ta có: \(F=\left(2x+5\right)\left(4-3x\right)\)

\(=8x-6x^2+20-15x\)

\(=-6x^2-7x+20\)

\(=-6\left(x^2+\dfrac{7}{6}x-\dfrac{10}{3}\right)\)

\(=-6\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}+\dfrac{49}{144}-\dfrac{529}{144}\right)\)

\(=-6\left(x+\dfrac{7}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{529}{24}\le\dfrac{529}{24}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{7}{12}\)