a, (3x2+1)2+2xy+y2+1=0
(3x2+1)2+(y+1)2=0 Vì (3x2+1)2 >=0 ; (y+1)2 >=0 với mọi x,ý
=>3x2+1=0 => 3x2=1 => x2=1/3 => x=căn 1/3
y+1=0 => y=-1
b, x2+2xy+4y2+4y+y2+1=0
(x2+2xy+y2) + (4y2+4y+1)=0
(x+y)2 + (2y+1)2=0 Vì (x+y)2 >=0 ; (2y+1)2 >=0 vói mọi x,y
=> 2y+1=0 => y=-1/2
x+y=0 => x-1/2=0 => x=1/2