Question

Bài 1: a;b;c > 0

Chứng minh : \(\dfrac{a}{3a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}+\dfrac{c}{3c+a+b}\le\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Bài 2: x;y;z \(\ne\) 1 và xyz = 1

Chứng minh : \(\dfrac{x^2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{\left(y-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{\left(z-1\right)^2}\ge1\)

Answer 1

1.

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)

\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Answer 2

2.

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)

Biến đổi giả thiết:

\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)