Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40.10\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{40+100}.100\%\approx7,82\%\)
\(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1.58,5}{40+100}.100\%\approx4,18\%\)